摘要
纳米零价铁催化材料具有价格低廉、比表面积大、还原性强、吸附性和反应活性优异等优点,可通过不同机制降解各类环境污染物(如重金属、无机阴离子、放射性元素、卤代有机化合物、硝基芳香化合物、环境内分泌干扰物等),被视为一种有着广阔应用前景的新材料,是目前国内外研究的热点。本文详细介绍了纳米零价铁的典型制备方法(如物理法、化学液相还原法、热分解法、碳热法、多元醇法等)和新型绿色合成技术,同时总结了纳米零价铁在环境污染物处理和催化方面的最新应用进展,阐述了纳米零价铁在各类反应中的作用机理和效能,并提出了纳米零价铁催化材料在实际应用中尚需解决的团聚和氧化等问题,未来的研究目标应着重于改进或开发新制备方法以降低成本和拓宽纳米零价铁催化材料的应用范围。
Nanoscale zero-valent iron catalytic materials have advantages of low cost, high reaction activity, high specific surface area and excellent adsorption properties. The excellent performances of these materials in various environmental pollutants （e.g. heavy metals, inorganic anions, radioactive elements, halogenated organic compounds, nitroaromatic compounds and endocrine-disrupting chemicals） remediation through different degradation mechanisms have made them be regarded as a new type of material that having broad application prospect. In this review, the typical preparation methods, including physical method, chemical liquid phase reduction method, thermal decomposition method, carbothermal synthesis and polyol process, and novel green synthesis technology, of nanoscale zero-valent iron are introduced in detail. Moreover, the applications as well as the reaction mechanism and efficiency of nanoscale zero-valent iron in environmental pollution treatment and catalysis are summarized. In addition, some unresolved scientific problems including the oxidation and the agglomeration of nanoscale zero-valent iron are mentioned. It also suggests that the future research should be focused on the improvement or development of new synthetic method to reduce the cost and to extend the application field of the nanoscale zero-valent iron materials.
出处
《化工进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期2208-2214,共7页
Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress
基金
浙江省膜分离与水处理协同创新中心项目
关键词
纳米零价铁
制备
还原
催化
nanoscalezero-valentiron
preparation
reduction
catalysis
