摘要
【目的】本文对北疆复播大豆新品种进行了选育,为大豆高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以21个超早熟大豆新品种(系)为材料,对主要农艺性状进行遗传变异分析、简单相关分析和主成分分析。【结果】复播大豆单株粒数的变异系数最大,为18.9%,生育天数的变异系数最小,为4.02%;单株生物产量与单株粒数、主茎节数、茎粗、生育期呈正相关,与百粒重、单株有效荚数、结荚高度、株高呈负相关;从主成分分析看,前6个主成分的累积贡献率达95.2294%。【结论】产量构成的主要性状有生育天数、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、株高、有效分枝数、百粒重。在选育适合北疆复播大豆育种亲本选配时,应着重对以上农艺性状进行综合性选择。在麦后复播条件下选择品种时,宜选择植株高度适宜、生育期较长、分枝多、单株荚数多、单株粒数多和百粒重高的耐阴性品种,然后通过播期调整、肥水控制来促进营养生长,提高有效分枝以及单株荚数,保证较高的单株粒数和百粒重,实现增产。
[ Objective] In the present paper, the high-yield cultivation in earlier-maturing soybean after winter wheat in North Xinjiang was conducted to provide the theoretical basis for new variety breeding. [ Method] Taken 21 earlier-maturing soybean（lines） as tested materials, the genetic variation analysis, simple correlation analysis and principal component analysis for soybean main agronomic traits were made. [ Re- sult ] The variation coefficient of the effective branches was the largest, being 18.9 %, and that of growing days was the minimum, being 4.02 %. The yield showed a positive correlation with grain number per plant, nodes on main stem, stem diameter, growth stage and a negative cor- relation with 100 ~ kernel weight,the height of bottom pod,pod number per plant, pod-setting height and plant height. The principal compo- nent analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of first 6 principal components was 95. 2294 %. [ Conclusion ] The main agro- nomic traits of the yield composing were growing days, nodes on main stem, pod number per plant, grains per plant, plant height, effective branches and 100-kernel weight. When the parents were selected for soybean breeding in North Xinjiang, the comprehensive selection above characters should be considered. When the varieties were selected after winter wheat, the varieties with suitable plant height, longer growing days, more branches, pod number per plant and grains per plant, high 100 kernel weight and good shade tolerance were selected, and then the soybean yield should be increased by adjusting the sowing date and controlling water and fertilizer to promote the nutrition growth, enhance the effective branches and pods per plant and ensure high grains per plant and 100 seed weight.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期1016-1019,共4页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
兵团科技局新疆生产建设兵团新品种后补助项目(2013BD0401)
兵团科技局兵团生物种质资源专项(2012BD046)
国家转基因专项高产转基因大豆新种质创制(2008ZX08004-005)
"十二五"兵团育种攻关计划大豆新品种选育与高产高效栽培创建示范(2011BA005)
关键词
复播大豆
农艺性状
遗传变异
相关分析
主成分分析
Soybean
Agronomic traits
Genetic variation
Cor-relation analysis
Principal component analysis
