摘要
干旱区荒漠最突出限制因子是土壤水分和盐分,但目前对水盐交互影响下植物多样性的变化格局,依旧不明。文中通过在新疆艾比湖流域设置样带调查70个样地物种多样性指数和土壤水盐含量,探讨土壤水盐与物种多样性间的关系。结果表明,水盐聚类后,可以划分成9个水盐组合的生境类型。乔木和灌木的物种数在9个水盐组合的生境类型间未有显著性差别(P>0.05),但草本物种数在高水中盐条件下数值最大,在低水中盐条件下数值最小。Monk丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均在中等或低等的水盐条件下,具有较高数值。将9个水盐组合依据水分和盐分含量划分成3种不同程度干扰水平后,发现中度水盐干扰生境中的Monk丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均高于高度和低度干扰生境的值,表明荒漠生态系统在适中的水盐胁迫下使得群落保持了高的多样性,生物多样性维持过程符合中度干扰假说。
The primary limiting factors in desert areas are soil moisture and salinity. However, it is still not clear for the plant diversification patterns under the influences of the soil salinity and water interactions. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationships between plant diversity and soil moisture, as well as salinity. The species diversity index, soil moisture and salinity content were surveyed across 70 quadrats in the Ebinur lake basin of Xinjiang. The results were as follows ： （ 1 ） According to soil moisture and salinity cluster analysis, 9 habitat types were identified. （2） There was no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） for the number of tree and shrubs species in the 9 habitat types. However, the number of herb species was higher in habitats with high moisture and medium salinity that of in low moisture and medium salinity. （3） The Monk richness index, Simp- son diversity index and Pielou evenness index were higher under medium or low salinity and water conditions. （4） When dividing the nine combinations on the basis of moisture and salinity content into three disturbance degree levels, we found that the Monk richness index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index for the medium interfered habitats were higher than those for the high and low interfered habitats. Our results showed that the plant communities maintain high diversity under moderate moisture and salinity stress in desert ecosys- tem, and the biodiversity maintenance process conforms to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期76-82,共7页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31560131)资助
关键词
干旱区荒漠
植物多样性
土壤水分
土壤盐分
中度干扰假说
arid desert
plant biodiversity
soil moisture
soil salt
intermediate disturbance hypothesis
