摘要
肿瘤放射治疗的基本准则是给予肿瘤最大剂量,同时最大程度保护周围正常组织器官。理论上,由于质子束穿过物质形成Bragg峰的物理特性和优越的放射生物学特性[相对生物学效应(RBE)比光子高10%左右],质子束在治疗靶区处剂量大量快速沉积,而临近和远离肿瘤的正常组织接受的剂量很少,优于传统的光子治疗。与质子物理特性相同的重离子C,相对生物效应更高,对肿瘤杀伤作用更大,但其对技术、设备、资金和人员等要求更加严格,性价比较质子弱。质子虽不失为一种理想的治疗方式,但由于其RBE的不确定性、对位置要求的敏感性以及技术发展的局限性等,使得质子的潜能不能很好的呈现到临床应用中。为此,就质子放射治疗的物理特性、生物特性、与其他治疗方式的对比、设备技术现状、局限性及展望作一综述,更好地了解质子治疗的特点、优势及不足,为未来的研究提供参考。
The basic criterion of radiotherapy for tumor is to implement maximum radiation dose for tumor tissue but the normal tissue should be protected in maximum extent. The physical property of passing through substance and forming Bragg curve and superior radiobiological characteristics（relative biological effectiveness of proton is 10% higher than that of photon） of proton beam can ensure fast deposition of the dose of a large number of proton beam in therapy target region, and the normal tissue of near and far away from the tumor receives few dose. Therefore, it is superior than photon therapy. On the other hand, the heavy ion C has the similar physical property with proton and its RBE and killing effect are higher than that of proton, while it has more stringent requirement for technique, equipment, fund and personnel ability. Therefore, its cost performance is lower than that of proton. Although proton therapy is a ideal therapy mode, its uncertainty in RBE, sensibility for position and limitation in technique lead to its potential couldn＇t be appeared in clinical application. In this review, the physical property, biological characteristics, the comparison with other radiotherapy, the current situation of equipment and technique, limitation and prospect of proton radiotherapy are summarized and reviewed can contribute to understand the peculiarities, advantages and defects of proton radiotherapy and provide reference for further research in future.
出处
《中国医学装备》
2017年第7期139-143,共5页
China Medical Equipment
基金
天津市自然科学基金(16JCZDJC36100)"核医学诊疗中医患人员及周围环境的辐射防护研究"
