摘要
运用GIS技术中的地图叠加法和因子等权求和法对2015年唐家山堰塞湖区域的土地质量、坡度、坡向、海拔、植被覆盖和水体等因子进行分析,进行生态质量评价。结果表明:坡度大于30°地区水土流失量较多,植被覆盖较少,干扰较重,生态质量较差;坡度在10°~30°地区水土流失量逐渐增多,植被覆盖逐渐减少,干扰适中,生态质量一般;坡度小于10°地区水土流失量较少,植被覆盖较多,干扰较轻,生态质量较好。东向、北向、东北及西北方向水土流失量较少,植被分布量较多,干扰较轻,生态质量较好;南向、西向、东南及西南水土流失量较多,植被分布量较少,干扰较重,生态质量较差。海拔低于800 m地区水土流失量最大,斑块分布量最大,干扰较重,生态质量较差;海拔800~1 600 m地区水土流失量逐渐增多,斑块分布量适中,干扰适中,生态质量一般;海拔高于1 600 m地区水土流失量较少,斑块分布量较少,干扰较轻,生态质量较好。距离水体越远的地区,干扰越轻,生态质量越好,越近的地区干扰越重,特别在距水体小于100 m范围内的区域干扰最重,生态质量越差。
Map overlaying method in GIS technology and equal weight summation method of factors were used to analyze the factors including soil quality, slope gradient, slope aspect, elevation, vegetation coverage and water body for assessing the ecological quality in Tangjiashan landslide-dammed lake region in 2015. The results show that： （1） in the area where the slope is larger than 30°, the soil and water loss is relatively serious, vegetation relatively is scarce, the interference is serious and the ecological quality is poor; in the area where the slope is between 10° and 30°,with the increase of slope, the soil and water loss gradually increase, vegetation coverage reduces, the interference is moderate, and the ecological quality is in medium level; in the area where the slope is less than 10°, the soil and water loss is less, vegetation is dense, interference is light and ecological quality is good. （2） in the east, north, northeast and northwest areas, the soil and water loss is less, vegetation is distributed sparsely, interference is light and the ecological quality is good; in south, west, southeast and southwest areas, the soil and water loss is more, vegetation is less, interference is serious and the ecological quality is poor. （3） in the area of elevation below 800m, the soil and water loss is the most serious with the largest patch distribution, the interference is serious and the ecological quality is poor; in the area where elevation is 800m-1600m, the soil and water loss intensifies and patch distribution is in medium level, interference is light and the ecological quality is moderate; in the area above 1600m, the soil and water loss is less with less patch distribution and light inference and the ecological quality is good. （4） the farther the area is from the water body, the better the ecological quality is; the closer the area is from the water body, the more serious the interference is; in area within 100 m from the water, the interference is the most serious and the ecological quality is the worst.
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2017年第14期27-32,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2014SZ0058)
关键词
GIS
生态质量评价
唐家山堰塞湖
次生地质灾害
北川县
GIS
ecological quality assessment
Tangjiashan landslide - dammed lake
secondary geological disaster
Bei-chuan County
