摘要
目的了解和田、喀什地区初中生的体格发育状况,分析其营养不良及超重肥胖发生情况,为本地区初中生营养改善及提高其营养健康水平提供依据。方法 2012-2016年连续4学年于每年10月份,从新疆生产建设兵团所属20所和田、喀什初中学校中,按年级分层随机抽取1个自然班,测量学生身高和体重,记录学生基本信息及体检结果,依据中国儿童青少年消瘦、生长迟滞及超重肥胖的评判标准,计算相应检出率,采用Excel2007和SPSS21.0软件录入及分析数据。结果本次研究共监测学生9 310人,营养不良发生率为10.1%,其中消瘦率6.3%,生长迟滞率3.8%,超重肥胖发生率为10.8%,其中超重率8.5%,肥胖率2.3%。男女生轻度消瘦(5.3%vs.2.8%)、生长迟滞(5.2%vs.2.3%)及超重肥胖(13.8%vs.7.6%)检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而男女中重度消瘦率(2.4%vs.2.0%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄学生消瘦、生长迟滞及超重肥胖的检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着年龄的增长,消瘦、生长迟滞的检出率呈现增加趋势(P<0.05),而超重和肥胖的检出率有降低的趋势(P<0.05)。结论 2012-2016学年新疆生产建设兵团所属和田、喀什地区农村初中生体格发育水平低于全国及新疆平均水平,男生相比女生更易出现营养不良及超重肥胖,随着年龄增加,营养不良检出率呈增加趋势,而超重肥胖检出率呈降低趋势。
Objective To investigate the physical development of junior middle school students in Xinjiang Hetian and Kashi Prefectures, to analyze the incidence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, and to provide a basis for improving nutrition and health of junior middle school students in the prefectures. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 class from each grade of 20 junior middle schools affiliated to Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Hetian and Kashi Pre- fectures in every October during the academic years 2012-2016. We measured the students＇ height and weight, and recorded gen- eral information and the results of physical examination. According to the Chinese criteria of children ＇ s and adolescents ＇ weight loss, growth retardation, overweight and obesity, we calculated the corresponding incidence rates, and then input and analyzed the data using Excel 2007 and SPSS 21.0 software. Results A total of 9,310 students were monitored in this study. The incidence rate of malnutrition was 10.1%, of which the rates of weight loss, growth retardation, overweight and obesity, overweight, and obe- sity were 6.3%, 3.8%, 10.8%, 8.5% and 2. 3% respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of mild weight loss （ 5.3% vs. 2.8% ） , growth retardation （ 5.2% vs. 2.3% ） and overweight and obesity （ 13.8% vs. 7.6% ） between boys and girls （ all P〈O.05 ） , but no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate of severe weight loss （ 2.4% vs. 2.0%） between boys and girls （P〉0.05）. The incidence rates of weight loss, growth retardation, overweight and obesity showed statistically significant differences among students with different ages （ all P〈0.05 ）. The incidence rates of weight loss andgrowth retardation presented an upward tendency with the increasing age （P〈0.05）, but the incidence rate of overweight and obe- sity indicated a downward tendency （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The physical development level of rural junior middle school students affiliated to Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Hetian and Kashi Prefectures is lower than the national and Xinjiang average levels during the academic years 2012-2016. Boys are more vulnerable to malnutrition, overweight and obesity than girls. The incidence rate of malnutrition displays a rising tendency with the increasing age （ P〈0.05 , but the detection rate of overweight and obesity shows a declining tendency.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2017年第8期931-934,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
兵团卫生科技项目(兵卫发[2015]50号)
关键词
农村初中生
消瘦
生长迟滞
超重肥胖
rural junior middle school student
weight loss
growth retardation
overweight and obesity
