摘要
目的调查武汉市儿童矮小症患病率并对其患矮小症的病因进行分析。方法通过抽样调查法在武汉市抽取3~14岁共30 000例儿童,分析他们身高的年龄分布特点、矮小症患病率、患矮小症的病因。结果参与调查的30 000例儿童中,共有1640例患有矮小症,总患病率为5.47%。城市矮小症患儿682例,占患病儿童的41.59%;农村矮小症患儿958例,占患病儿童的58.41%,城、乡差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。参与调查的城市儿童16 992例,患病率为4.01%;参与调查的农村儿童13 008例,患病率为7.36%,城、乡差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1 640例矮小症患儿中,男孩789例、女孩851例,男孩和女孩矮小症患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。7~≤14岁的矮小症患儿明显多于3~<7岁的矮小症患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1 640例矮小症患儿的病因分别为生长激素缺乏827例、青春期发育迟缓532例、家族性矮小症231例、脑组织发育不良9例、软骨发育不全7例、Turner综合征6例、先天性宫内发育迟缓5例、甲状腺功能减退4例、慢性肾小管性酸性中毒2例、垂体病变10例、营养不良或精神异常2例、其他遗传代谢疾病5例,与其他致病因素相比,生长激素缺乏、青春期发育迟缓、家族性矮小症的比例明显较大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生长激素缺乏、青春期发育迟缓、家族性矮小症是武汉市儿童矮小症的主要病因,临床需加大儿童早期的生殖激素及体格检查,从根本原因上防治和减少矮小症的发生,从而提高儿童的身高,改善其长期生活质量。
Objective To survey morbidity rate of dwarfism in children in Wuhan,and conduct etiological analysis. Methods A total of 30 000 cases of children aged from 3 to 14 years old in Wuhan were selected via sampling survey method,and their distribution characteristics of height and age,morbidity rate of dwarfism,and the causes of dwarfism were analyzed. Results Among 30 000 cases of children under survey,there were 1 640 dwarfism children with a total morbidity rate of 5. 47%. There were 682 cases of urban dwarfism children（ 41. 59%） and 958 cases of rural dwarfism children（ 58. 41%）,and the difference between urban and rural areas was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. There were 16 992 cases of urban children,the total morbidity rate was 4. 01%; there were 13 008 cases of rural children,the total morbidity rate was 7. 36%,the difference had no statistical significant（ P〉0. 05）. Among 1 640 cases of children with dwarfism,there were 789 boys and 851 girls,there was no statistically significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. There were more children with dwarfism aged 7-14 years old than from the children aged 3-7 years old,there was statistically significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. In the case of causes of dwarfism in 1 640 cases of children,there were 827 cases of growth hormone deficiency,532 cases of adolescent growth retardation,231 cases of familial dwarfism,9 cases of brain dysplasia,7 cases of achondroplasia,6 cases of Turner syndrome,5 cases of congenital intrauterine growth retardation,4 cases of hypothyroidism,2 cases of chronic renal tubular acidosis,10 cases of pituitary lesions,2 cases of malnutrition or mental disorder,and 5 cases of other inherited metabolic disorders. Compared to other causes,growth hormone deficiency,adolescent growth retardation,and familial dwarfism accounted for large proportion,and the difference had statistical significance（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Growth hormone deficiency,adolescent growth retardation,and familial dwarfism are major causes of dwarfism among children in Wuhan. Early reproductive hormone and physical examinations for children should be enhanced in clinic,so as to prevent and reduce incidence rate of dwarfism fundamentally,improve height of children and optimize long-term quality of life.
作者
秦原
杨禄红
QIN Yuan YANG Lu-Hong.(Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Genetics, and Metabolism, Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhan Children＇s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2017年第14期3306-3310,共5页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
儿童
矮小症
病因
身高
生长激素缺乏
Child
Dwarfism
Etiology
Height
Growth hormone deficiency
