摘要
为了探究气候条件对春茶开采期和品质的影响,基于2013—2016年安徽翰林茶叶有限公司"绿环兰香"茶叶基地区域气象站资料和生育期观测资料,建立春茶开采期积温预报模型。此外,在茶叶气候品质评价气象指标和气候适宜指数构建基础上,利用分层聚类分析方法,得出茶叶气候品质评价等级标准。结果表明:当≥7℃活动积温和有效积温分别达396.7℃和153.6℃时,春茶进入开采期。春茶品质形成的最适气象指标为日平均气温在12~14℃,平均相对湿度大于80%,平均日照时间在3~6 h,其中倒春寒天气对茶叶品质影响最大。气候适宜指数和分层聚类结果表明,泾县地区气候条件总体有利于优质茶的形成,特优和优气候等级年份占56%,良等级占比19%,一般等级占比25%。试验数据检验表明,春茶气候品质等级与品质等级相一致,茶叶气候品质等级评价办法能够基本反映茶叶品质情况。
The paper aims to study the influence of climatic conditions on the first plucking date and quality ofspring tea. Based on the data of regional automatic weather station and tea growth period observation data from2013 to 2016 in tea base of Lvhuanlanxiang, Anhui Hanlin Tea Company, we established a forecast model offirst plucking date of spring tea. Besides, based on the tea meteorological indices of climate quality evaluationand climate suitability indices, we established tea climate quality evaluation grade standard with hierarchicalcluster analysis method. The results showed that： the first plucking date of spring tea would come when theactive accumulated temperature was more than 7℃ and the effective accumulated temperature reached 396.7℃and 153.6℃, respectively; the optimum meteorological index for tea quality had three aspects： the averagedaily temperature was 12-14℃; the average relative humidity was greater than 80%; the average sunshine timewas 3-6 h; late spring coldness had great influence on the quality of tea. Climatic suitability index andhierarchical clustering results showed that： the climatic condition in Jingxian was overall conducive to theformation of high quality tea; the winner and excellent climate grade year accounted for 56%, good gradeaccounted for 19%, and general grade accounted for 25%. Testing experimental data showed that the qualitylevel of spring climate agreed with tea quality level, tea climate quality grade evaluation method was consistentwith tea quality.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第29期49-54,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
2015年度安徽省气象局科技发展基金项目"茶树鲜叶品质气候评价关键技术研究"(KM201518)
关键词
春茶
开采期
气候品质
适宜指数
spring tea
first plucking date
climate quality
climate suitability indices
