摘要
通过在唐家河国家级自然保护区内自然死亡的8具动物尸体周围布设红外相机,详细记录了动物尸体在保护良好的自然条件下的分解过程。研究发现,除微生物与无脊椎动物外,脊椎动物在尸体分解过程中也起到很重要的作用:(1)动物尸体会吸引多种脊椎动物前来取食,不同脊椎动物对尸体的利用方式和利用程度不一样。其中利用强度最高的动物为野猪Sus scrofa、亚洲黑熊Ursus thibetanus和大嘴乌鸦Corvus macrorhynchhos,实际贡献率分别为:87.15%、9.08%、3.72%,占所有脊椎动物对尸体取食强度的99.9%,其他动物贡献0.1%,如果子狸Paguma larvata、啮齿动物。(2)野猪有同类相食和拖动尸体的行为;绿背山雀Parus monticolus有采集尸体毛发筑巢的行为;未发现灵长类动物在尸体旁长时间逗留。根据研究结果,建议保护区在不污染水源的情况下,让自然死亡的尸体自然分解而不作深埋处理。
The decomposition processes of 8 animal corpses in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve under natural conditions were recorded using camera traps for 11 months. We found that： （ 1 ） the decomposition process of animal bodies attracted a variety of vertebrates to feed, and different vertebrates used varied approaches to eat the animal bodies to different levels. Animals that had the highest usage level of the animal bodies were Sus scrofa, Ursus thibetanus, and Corvus macrorhynchhos. The actual usage rates of these 3 animals were 87. 15% , 9. 08% and 3. 72% , respectively. Other animals such as Paguma larvata and rodents only took up the remaining 0. 1 %. （2 ） 5. scrofa showed cannibalistic behaviour and would move the corpses to other places ; Parus monticolus collected the fur from the bodies in order to make their nests. We also found that primates did not stay for a long time besides the corpses. These results suggested that the corpses of naturally died animals can be left to decompose instead of being buried if they do pollute the water.
作者
刁鲲鹏
李明富
潘世玥
顾伟龙
张晓鸥
闻丞
DIAO Kunpeng;LI Mingfu;PAN Shiyue;GU Weilong;ZHANG Xiaoou;WEN Cheng(Shanshui Conservion Center, Beijing 100089, China;Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, Qingchuan, Sichuan Province 628100, China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2017年第6期616-623,共8页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
关键词
尸体分解
食腐动物
唐家河国家级自然保护区
红外相机
decomposition of animal corpses
scavengers
Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve
camera trap
