摘要
目的了解不同职业孕产妇产后盆底功能障碍性疾病(Pelvic floor dysfunctional disease,PFD)的发生情况,探讨其相关影响因素,为降低PFD发生率,改善妇女生殖健康提供依据。方法 2015年6月—2016年6月选择宜昌地区不同职业孕产妇568例作为调查对象。采用一般资料问卷调查、PFD筛查、PFD认知水平调查对孕产妇产后42 d PFD发生情况进行筛查,并分析相关影响因素。结果调查显示568名孕产妇产后42 d PFD总发生率为39.96%。比较不同职业类型女性产后PFD发生率,公务员为24.51%,专业技术为30.95%,商业,服务业为42.64%,生产类为59.29%,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。568名孕产妇中37.32%孕产妇知道PFD,35.39%孕产妇了解该疾病的治疗方法,57.57%孕产妇对疾病的康复手段、治疗方法有咨询的需求。不同职业的孕产妇对疾病认知水平、治疗情况了解、康复及治疗咨询需求的频数差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。多因素分析结果显示,分娩方式(OR=0.35),新生儿体重(OR=0.06)是PFD发生的保护因素,年龄(OR=15.25),体重指数(OR=0.27),第二产程时间(OR=4.08),疾病认知(OR=5.95),职业类别(OR=4.86)均是PFD发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论孕产妇产后PFD总检出率高,不同职业女性产后PFD发生率差异较大。广大医务者以及患者自身应该重视对PFD的认知,通过开展相关健康教育,注重早期诊断和治疗,以改善妇女生殖健康状况。
[Objective] To investigate the prevalence and associated influencing factors of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction（PFD）in pregnant women with different careers,provide basis for reducing the incidence of PFD and improving the reproductive health of women.[Methods]568 cases of pregnant women with different occupations in Yichang City were enrolled in the study from June 2015 to June 2016. The general data questionnaire,PFD screening and investigation on knowledge level of PFD were used to screen the incidence of PFD within 42 days after delivery,and analyze related factors.[Results]The total incidence rate of PFD within 42 days after delivery was 39.96% among 568 cases of pregnant women. Among the pregnant women with different careers,the incidence rate of PFD in civil servants,professional technical personal,commercial and service personnel,and production personal was respectively 24.51%,30.95%,42.64% and 59.29%,and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Among 568 pregnant women,37.32% knew PFD,35.39% have learned about the treatment of the disease,and 57.57% had the demand of consultation for means of rehabilitation and treatment. There were statistically significant differences in frequency of knowledge level of PFD,treatment,and demand of consultation for rehabilitation and treatment among different career groups（P0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that delivery mode（OR=0.35）,neonatal weight（OR=0.06）were both the protective factors of PFD,while age（OR=15.25）,body mass index（OR=0.27）,time of second birth course（OR=4.08）,disease cognition（OR=5.95）and occupational category（OR=4.86）were risk factors of PFD（P0.05）.[Conclusion]The total detection rate of postpartum PFD is high among the pregnant women,and there exists significant difference in the incidence of PFD among different career groups. The medical practitioners and patients should attach great importance to the cognition of PFD. It is necessary to carry out the health education and focus on the early diagnosis and treatment to improve the reproductive health status of women.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第22期3082-3085,3090,共5页
Occupation and Health
