摘要
目的:了解浙江中部农村地区戊型病毒性肝炎(戊肝)的人群感染状况,为制定防制措施提供依据。方法:对浦江县2005—2015年戊肝疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析;采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取社区人群、健康体检人群及戊肝有关风险职业人群各250人,31例既往病例及其40例密切接触者,均采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清抗HEV-IgG,比较不同人群抗HEV-IgG阳性率差异。结果:2005—2015年浦江县共报告戊肝病例88例,各年发病率在1.28/10万~3.13/10万之间,占同期病毒性肝炎报告病例数的比例0.70%~10.69%,并呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.01)。报告病例的年龄主要集中在30~59岁,男女性别比为2.67∶1,未见死亡病例、聚集性(暴发)疫情发生。社区和体检人群抗HEV-IgG标化阳性率为45.54%,感染风险较高的职业人群抗HEV-IgG阳性率为63.60%。女性(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.51~0.96)抗HEV-IgG阳性风险较低,年龄增长(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.050~1.07)抗HEV-IgG阳性风险升高。生猪养殖(OR=29.21,95%CI:2.29~371.99)、猪肉贩卖人员(OR=15.44,95%CI:1.47~162.14)抗HEV-IgG阳性的风险高于其他职业,阳性率分别为85.19%、71.43%。既往病例抗HEVIgG阳性率为87.10%,高于密切接触者的52.50%(P<0.05)。结论:浙中浦江县戊肝感染率较高,随年龄增长而上升,基于国家疾病监测信息报告系统的戊肝疫情可能被低估。生猪养殖、猪肉贩卖人员为戊肝感染的高危职业人群。
Objective To provide scientific basis for prevention and control of hepatitis E（HE）,we surveyed and ana- lyzed the infection of hepatitis E virus（HEV） in rural areas of central Zhejiang province. Methods The investigation of HE in Pujiang County between 2005 and 2015 was conducted based on National Diseases Reporting Information System. Multi--stage random sampling method being used, 750 people including community population, people having physical examination and HE--related occupational population were selected. Enzyme--linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）was used to detect anti--HEV--IgG in 31 previous infection cases and 40 close contacts. Comparison was made of the positive rate of anti-- HEV-- IgG among various populations. Results A total of 88 cases were reported between 2005 and 2015. The annual incidences of HE were between 1.28/100,000 and 3.13/100,000, which accounted for 0.70% to 10.69% of the synchronous reported cases of viral hepatitis and the proportion tended to increase year by year（P〈0.01）. Patients＇ ages were mainly 30 to 59 and the male--to--female gender ratio was 2.67 ： 1. There was no death or epidemic outbreak. Standard positive rate of anti--HEV--IgG was 45.54% based on the general population and the professional population had a higher infectious risk with the positive rate of anti--HEV--IgG being 63.60%. Female had a lower infectious risk than male（OR= 0.70,95 % CI： 0.51- 0.96）. The infection rate was positively corre- lated with the age（OR=l. 06,95%CI：1.05-1.07）. Pig farmers（OR=29.21,95%CI：2.29-371.99）and pig sellers （OR= 15.44,95 % CI：1. 47 - 162.14） had a higher infectious rate than other occupations, with the positive rates of anti --HEV--IgG being 85.19% and 71.43 % ,respectively. The positive rate of anti--HEV--IgG in HEV--infected people was 87.10% ,higher than that in close contacts（52.50% ,P^O. 05）. Conclusions Infection rate of HEV is quite high in Pujiang county,which increases with age. It seems that HE epidemic situation based on national disease surveillance information reporting system may be underestimated. Pig farmers and pig sellers are high--risk groups of HE.
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2018年第1期43-46,共4页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
基金
浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2016KYB057)
