摘要
为探讨不同剂量^(60)Co-γ辐照对板栗花、叶形态以及果实品质的影响,并筛选适宜诱变剂量,以当地主栽板栗品种燕山早丰接穗为试验材料,分别使用0、15、20、25、30、35、40 Gy进行辐照处理,通过调查嫁接成活率、叶形指数、花形态,并测定叶片光合特性、果实品质、单粒重等指标,探究^(60)Co-γ射线辐照对板栗的生物效应。结果表明,随着辐照剂量的增加,嫁接成活率呈下降趋势,当辐照剂量高于30Gy时,板栗接穗嫁接成活率几乎为0。根据辐照剂量和成活率的拟合方程得出,^(60)Co-γ辐照板栗接穗的半致死剂量为20.26 Gy,经^(60)Co-γ射线辐照处理的板栗雄花数量增多,叶片面积增大,叶片卷曲,叶片光合速率增高,果实单粒重增大,且影响果实的品质,表现为脂肪、可溶性糖、蛋白质及直链淀粉含量增加。本研究结果为辐照诱变育种培育高光效和高品质板栗品种提供了一定的理论依据。
To identify the irradiation effects of^（60）Co-γ ray on flower and leaf characters,fruit qualities of chestnut and suitable dose,the main cultivated varieties of chestnut Yanshanzaofeng grafts in local varieties were tested. The grafts were treated with seven different levels of^（60）Co-γ dose at 0、15、20、25、30、35、40 Gy. Survival ratio,characteristic variation of leaves and flowers,photosynthesis parameters of chestnut leaves,fruit single-grain weight and fruit qualities were examined to study the biological effects on chestnut grafts with^（60） CO-γ irradiation. The result showed that grafting survival rate decreased as the irradiation dose increased,and the survival rate dropped to 0 when the irradiation dose was more than 30 Gy. According to the fitting equation of irradiation dose and survival rate,the LD50 dose of chestnut graft was 20. 26 Gy,irradiation by^（60） CO-γ led the male flowers increased,the leaf enlarged,leaf curled,leaf photosynthetic rate increased,fruit single-grain weight increased,and fat,soluble sugar,protein and amylose content which affecting the fruit quality increased. The study provided a certain theory basis to cultivate the high photosynthetic efficiency and high quality chestnut varieties by irradiation mutation breeding.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期625-632,共8页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划专项(2012BAS1B0402)
国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201204401)
关键词
板栗
60Co-γ辐照
半致死剂量
光合作用
果实品质
chestnut, 60Co-γ irradiation, median lethal dose （ LD50）, photosynthesis parameters, fruit quality
