摘要
维管植物从蕨类植物、裸子植物到被子植物的演化过程中,生理结构和功能都被认为更趋向于适应干旱的环境。但是关于3类植物是否提升了水分传导和水分利用效率的研究目前多基于叶脉和气孔的形态结构推断,而对水分传导速率的直接测量则集中于被子植物内部。因此,同时测定3类植物叶片和枝条尺度的水力性状,可以研究维管植物水力性状的演化趋势和协同演化关系。该研究测定了中国科学院华南植物园内的蕨类植物(芒萁(Dicranopteris pedata)、华南毛蕨(Cyclosorus parasiticus)、乌毛蕨(Blechnum orientale)),裸子植物(罗汉松(Podocarpus macrophyllus)、竹柏(Podocarpus nagi)、落羽杉(Taxodium distichum))和被子植物(海南木莲(Manglietia fordiana var.hainanensis)、东京油楠(Sindora tonkinensis)、羊蹄甲(Bauhinia purpurea))共9种植物的水力结构与功能的相关性状。发现9种植物从原始到更演化物种的枝条比导水率(K_S)、叶片比导水率(K_L)和叶片水力导度(K_(leaf))依次升高;叶片蒸腾速率(E)和潜在水分利用效率(WUEi)升高趋势不显著;气孔面积指数(SPI)和木材密度(WD)在3个类群间无明显变化趋势。水力功能性状在枝条(K_S)和叶片(K_L、K_(leaf)和E)尺度显著相关,但和两个结构性状并无显著相关性。对显著相关的性状进行系统发育独立差分析发现相关性依然存在,表明枝条导水和叶片导水、叶片失水的协同性独立于系统发育而存在。该文以9种维管植物为例,发现演化过程中水分传导相关的功能性状有显著提升,且导水和失水的性状存在着协同演化关系。上述维管植物水力性状演化趋势的结论需要对更多物种、更精细的水力结构性状的进行测定验证。
Aims As vascular plants evolve from ferns to gymnosperms and angiosperms, their physiological structures and functions are assumed more adaptable to arid environment. Whether the three plant groups from early to late evolved lineages have improved their water transport and use efficiency has been studied on the basis of the morphological structure of leaf veins and stomata.Moreover, the water transportation rate was directly measured in the angiosperms. Therefore, we measured structural and functional traits related to water relations in all three plant groups simultaneously, to test the hypothesis on the evolutionary process of plant hydraulics.Methods We selected three species in each group grown in South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China, including ferns （Dicranopteris pedata, Cyclosorus parasiticus and Blechnum orientale）, gymnosperms （Podocarpus macrophyllus, Podocarpus nagi and Taxodium distichum） and angiosperms （Manglietia fordiana var. hainanensis, Sindora tonkinensis and Bauhinia purpurea）.Important findings Sapwood and leaf specific hydraulic conductivities （KS and KL, respectively）, and leaf conductance （Kleaf） significantly increased from ferns, gymnosperms to angiosperms. However, no significant trends were found in transpiration rate （E） and intrinsic water use efficiency. Meanwhile, neither the size and density of stomata nor wood density showed significant difference among three plant groups. The hydraulic functional traits （KS, KL and Kleaf） had significantly positive correlations with each other, but had no relationships with the two measured structural traits. Phylogenetic independent contrasts analyses showed that the coordination between KS and Kleaf, and between KS and E were independent of the phylogeny. Based on the nine vascular species, this study demonstrated that water transport related traits are improved as vascular plants evolved, and the co-evolution between water transport and transpiration traits were identified. For further study, it is necessary to consolidate our data with investigations of more detailed water-transport structures in more species from different evolutionary lineages.
作者
赵乐文
陈梓熠
邹滢
付子钊
吴桂林
刘小容
罗琦
林忆雪
李雄炬
刘智通
刘慧
ZHAO Le-Wen1,CHEN Zi-Yi1,ZOU Ying1,FU Zi-Zhao1,WU Gui-Lin2,3,LIU Xiao-Rong2,3,LUO Qi2,3,LIN Yi-Xue4,2,LI Xiong-Ju1,LIU Zhi-Tong 1,LIU Hui2(1. Guangdong Experimental High School, Guangzhou 510375, China;2. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China)
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期220-228,共9页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31670411).
关键词
功能性状
适应性
水分传导
系统发育独立差
协同演化
functional traits
adaptation
water transport
phylogenetic independent contrast
correlated evolution
