摘要
以模拟氯化铵废水为处理对象,针对现行稀土冶炼和分离工序中氯化铵废水处理工艺的不足,提出采用电解的方法处理高浓度氯化铵废水。实验研究电解法将模拟氯化铵废水转化为氨水,再采用氮气吹脱技术将氨水以氨气的形式与氯化铵废水分离,利用氨气吸收装置得到高浓度的氨水产品,并进一步将氨水与二氧化碳反应形成碳酸氢铵产品。试验研究了电解槽结构设计、电解的最佳条件,确定了模拟氯化铵废水的电解处理过程,实验表明影响氯化铵去除率的因素有：电解槽结构、电解电压、氯化铵电解的初始浓度等因素。针对电解槽体结构实验确定三箱细长型电解槽结构效果最佳,且设计良好的电解槽结构对电解效率影响很大,初始氯化铵电解浓度为50 g·L^-1,电解后废水中氯化铵浓度降低至2.5 g·L^-1,生成物碳酸氢铵纯度大于93.5%。
Aiming at the shortcomings of the technology used for treatment of ammonium chloride wastewater generated from rare earths smelting and separating process,the technology of treating the highly simulated ammonium chloride content in wastewater samples with electrolysis was put forward.The simulated ammonium chloride wastewater could be converted into ammonia solution by electrolysis method.The ammonia gas produced from ammonia solution with nitrogen purge system was separated from ammonium chloride wastewater; and then the ammonium bicarbonate was produced by the reaction between the CO_2 and the ammonia solution purified with ammonia absorption machine.The effects of electrobath structure and electrolytic conditions were tested.The results showed that the affecting factors of the conditions on NH_4Cl wastewater removal rate were electrobath structure,electrolysis voltage,and the ammonium chloride concentration,particularly the designed electrobath structure which was a major factor affecting electrolysis efficiency.The best electrobath structure for the technology was the leptosomatic electric cell with three tanks.The results indicated that the ammonium chloride concentration could be reduced to 2.5 g·L^-1 and the ammonium bicarbonate purity was 93.5% in the experiment when the initial ammonium chloride concentration was 50 g·L^-1.
作者
王东杰
易红宏
唐晓龙
周凯红
李建亭
常诚
Wang Dongjie;Yi Honghong;Tang Xiaolong;Zhou Kaihong;Li Jianting;Chang Cheng(Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science ＆ Technology Beifing, Beijing 100083, China;National Engineering Research Centre of Rare Earth Metallurgy and Function Materials, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期415-420,共6页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
包头市科技局重点科技发展项目(2015Z2004)资助
关键词
电解法
氯化铵
废水
试验研究
electrolysis
ammonium chloride
wastewater
experimental study
