摘要
目的了解国内基层医疗机构不同职称护士的工作任务,为今后基层医疗机构护理人力资源的科学管理提供依据。方法采取分层抽样法对全国7个地理分区、2类基层医疗机构进行抽样,采用护士工作任务调查表对1 450名基层护士进行问卷调查。结果基层医疗机构护士工作任务中,"药物治疗相关任务"的执行频率以及综合评价得分最高,分别为(3.47±0.72)和(12.72±3.49),"满足患者基本需求"的执行频率以及综合评价得分最低,分别为(2.04±1.02)和(6.98±4.74)。不同职称护士在"药物治疗相关任务""其他活动"维度执行频率得分的比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);社区卫生院和乡镇卫生院护士在总体工作任务以及"评估、评价活动""健康教育""沟通交流活动""伦理、法律活动""其他活动"维度执行频率得分的比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);社区卫生院和乡镇卫生院护士除"药物治疗相关任务"维度上差异无统计学意义外,在"总体工作任务"以及其余7个维度的工作任务重要性评分的比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基层医疗机构护士呈现年轻化、低职称化及低学历化等特点,基层护士工作任务主要以药物治疗相关活动为主,且职能分工和岗位设置不明确,社区卫生院护士大部分工作任务的执行频率和重要性评分均高于乡镇卫生院。
Objective To investigate tasks of nursing staff in gross-root medical institutions in China and to pro- vide references for management in nursing human resource in gross-root medical institutions. Methods Stratified sampling method was used to recruit nurses from seven geographical areas and two types of gross-root medical in- stitutions. Nursing tasks were measured using the Questionnaire of Nursing Tasks among 1450 nurses. Results For nursing tasks in gross-root medical institutions,comprehensive evaluation and rate of implementation for tasks related to medical treatment had highest scores of 12.72±3.49 and 3.47±0.72,respectively. Comprehensive evaluation and rate of implementation for tasks of satisfying patients＇ basic needs had lowest scores of 6.98±4.74 and 2.04±21.02,respec- tively. There were significant differences in rate of implementation of tasks related to medical treatment and other activities among nurses with different job titles（P〈0.05）. Significant differences were found in implementation of overall nursing tasks, assessment ＆ evaluation tasks,health education,communication activities,ethics ＆ law activities,and other activities between nurses from community health centers and town health centers（P〈0.05）. There was no signifi- cant difference in tasks related to medical treatment between nurses from community health centers and town health centers,and significant differences were found in overall nursing tasks and other seven dimensions（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Nurses from gross-root medical institutions have characteristics of being young,having low job titles,and having low educational level. Nursing tasks related to medical treatment and activities guaranteeing patient safety are most frequently conducted in gross-root medical institutions. Nurses with higher job titles tend to perform less tasks related to medical treatment,and more other activities. Nurses from community health centers have higher frequency of implementing nursing tasks and higher scores for evaluating significance than nurses from town health centers.
作者
付莉莉
陈声宇
FU Lili;CHEN Shengyu
出处
《中华护理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期473-476,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nursing
关键词
护士
工作任务
基层医疗机构
Nurse
Job Tasks
Gross-Root Medical Institution
