摘要
疟疾曾是上海市的主要传染病之一,建国后曾发生过两次流行,经过大力防治疟疾疫情得到有效控制,1983年疟疾各县年发病率降至1/万以下,1986年通过卫生部基本消灭疟疾的考核验收,此后,全市进入全面监测和流动人员管理阶段。20世纪90年代以后,受其他疟疾流行省份的影响,全市疟疾疫情略有波动,但基本控制在1/10万以下。2009年上海作为全国6个试点省(市)之一,率先启动了消除疟疾试点工作,2010年按全国统一行动全面实施消除疟疾行动计划,并确定到2015年全市实现消除疟疾的目标。2012年原闸北区和松江区两个消除疟疾国家试点县通过了原卫生部组织的现场考核,率先达到消除疟疾标准,2015年黄浦等其他15个区(县)在完成自评的基础上,通过市级考核评估,同年上海市完成全市消除疟疾自评,并向国家卫生计生委提交自评报告和验收评估的请示。2017年国家卫生计生委组织专家对上海市的消除疟疾工作进行评估,认为上海市达到省级消除疟疾目标。至此,上海市成为全国第一个通过省级消除疟疾评估的地区。面临输入性疟疾的再传播风险和维持消除疟疾状态的挑战,上海市已然开始探索维持消除疟疾状态的工作模式。
Malaria was once one of the main infectious diseases in Shanghai City and twice epidemics have occurred here since the foundation of People＇ s Republic of China. After decades of control and prevention, malaria incidence dramatically decreased. The malaria incidence of all the counties in Shanghai was less than 1/10 000 in 1983. Malaria basic elimination in Shanghai was confirmed by former Health Ministry in 1986, and then the malaria monitoring and migrating-population management stage had come. After 1990s, the malaria incidence in Shanghai City was fluctuated slightly by the malaria epidemic of other provinces, but it had been controlled basically below 1/100 000. In 2009, as one of six pilot provinces, Shanghai City took the first step to launch the malaria elimination program. In 2010, Shanghai followed the national plan to implement malaria elimination and set a goal in 2015 to eliminate malaria. Former Zhabei and Songjiang as two pilot counties passed the examination and evaluation of former Health Ministry and reached the goal of malaria elimination in 2012. On the basis of the completion of the county level self-assessment, the municipal level assessments to other 15 counties were carried out in 2015, and the municipal level self-assessment report of eliminating malaria in Shanghai was completed and submitted to the National Health Planning Commission （NHPC） in the same year. Shanghai was firstly considered to reach the goal of eliminating malaria at the provincial level by NHPC in 2017. Facing the risk of input malaria retransmission and challenge to the maintenance of malaria elimination, the mode of maintain the state of malaria elimination has already been explored in Shanghai City.
作者
朱民
蔡黎
吴寰宇
王真瑜
张耀光
江莉
马晓疆
朱倩
何艳燕
ZHU Min;CAI Li;WU Huanyu;WANG Zhenyu;ZHANG Yaoguang;JIANG Li;MA Xiaojiang;ZHU Qian;HE Yanyan(Shanghai Municipai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, Chin)
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2018年第4期297-302,共6页
China Tropical Medicine
基金
上海市卫生计生委科研项目(No.20134349)
关键词
疟疾
消除
行动计划
中期评估
malaria
elimination
Action Plan
mid-term evaluation
