摘要
为解决高速公路部分出口前置指路标志的设置距离无法满足车辆安全驶离高速公路主线这一问题,通过建模研究高速公路出口最后一块指路标志(距离出口最近的出口指路标志)的安全设置距离。首先,将出匝车辆驾驶人的驾驶行为过程细分为三个阶段:认知-反应、车道变换以及减速驶离主线。其次,融合高速公路主线和匝道的道路条件、驾驶人视认特性、驾驶行为过程、标志设置方式等多方面影响因素,构建了高速公路出口最后一块前置指路标志的安全设置距离模型。该模型计算结果表明,《道路交通标志和标线》(GB 5768—2009)中推荐的高速公路出口最后一块指路标志设置距离(500m)适用于所有主线单向2条车道以及部分主线单向3条车道和单向4条车道,不适用于主线单向5条车道;相比规范的推荐值,模型计算值考虑了道路条件和驾驶行为,使分流区产生的换道次数减少,具有更高的安全性。
In order to solve the problem that the placement distance of some AGS （Advance Guide Signs）to expressway exits fails to meet the requirement of vehicles driving away from the mainline safely, a place.ment distance model for the last AGS （the one closest to the exit） was proposed. Firstly, the process of driv.ing away from expressway mainlines was divided into three steps, which are perception-reaction, lanechangingand decelerating to leave the mainline. Then, a placement distance model was constructed con.sidering road conditions of mainlines and ramps, drivers′ visual characteristics, driving behaviors, and in. stallation methods of AGS. The result calculated by the model shows that the recommended placementdistance of the last AGS to expressway exits in GB 5768-2009＂Road Traffic Signs and Markings＂（500m） is applicable for all two-lane expressway, some three-lane and four-lane expressway, but notfor five-lane expressway. Compared to the recommended value in this standard, the value calculated bythe model is safer with less lane changes in diverging area, taking road conditions and driving behaviorsinto consideration.
作者
朱治邦
郭唐仪
潘姝
ZHU Zhi-bang;GUO Tang-yi;PAN Shu(Comprehensive Planning and Research Institute, China Design Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210014, China;School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)
出处
《交通运输研究》
2018年第1期44-50,62,共8页
Transport Research
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51208261)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(12YCZH062)
中国博士后基金项目(2015M572728)
关键词
交通工程
高速公路
出口区
分流区
前置指路标志
设置距离
traffic engineering
expressway
exit area
diverging area
AGS（Advance Guide Sign）
placement distance
