摘要
人工智能的热点效应引发了各类派生讨论,问题集中在对人工智能的法律定性上,涉及是否应赋予其法律人格等。思考是否应当将法律主体资格延伸至人工智能上,为法学理论提供了一个有价值的思想实验。本文的观点是,为了解释人工智能的行为效力而主张赋予其法律主体资格是没有必要的。毕竟只有人类才可以理解"权利"与"责任"的涵义,机器只能被设计成遵守规则,却不能理解规则。所以即便创设出类似于"电子人"的法律人格,法律规则也无法对机器本身的行为产生影响,因此相对现实的路径应当是考虑如何通过法律去影响机器背后的人(包括人工智能的设计者、制造商以及使用者等)的行为层面,进而解决人工智能所带来的风险与挑战。
The hot effect of artificial intelligence(AI) has caused all kinds of derivative discussions. The problem is concentrated on the legal nature of AI, involving whether we should give it legal personality, the legal effect of AI, and the consequences of actions. It is a valuable thought experiment to think about whether the law should extend the qualification of the legal subject to the artificial intelligence. The point of this article is that it is not necessary to argue that the legal subject is qualified to explain the effectiveness of artificial intelligence. After all, only human beings can understand the "right" and "responsibility" meaning,the machine can only be designed to comply with the rules, but cannot understand the rules, so even if the creation of a legal personality is similar to the "electronic", the rule of law is also unable to influence the behavior of the machine itself, so a relatively realistic path should be considered how to influence the legal persons' behavior level(including artificial intelligence designers, manufacturers and users) behind the machine, and then solve the risks and challenges brought by artificial intelligence.
出处
《浙江社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期60-66,共7页
Zhejiang Social Sciences
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划立项(17NDJC233YB)
教育部人文社科青年基金项目(15YJC820063)
司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目(13SFB3001)的阶段性成果
关键词
人工智能
法律主体
责任制度
artificial intelligence
legal personality
responsibility system
