摘要
通过对近年来国内外有关地龙研究文献的整理和分析,总结归纳了地龙的品种鉴定、药材质量控制、化学成分、药理作用及地龙人工养殖的最新研究进展。根据2015年版《中国药典》记载,地龙包括参环毛蚓、通俗环毛蚓、威廉环毛蚓及栉盲环毛蚓。目前的研究表明,已有很多学者以地龙线粒体中细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（COⅠ）与16S r DNA基因作为DNA条形码进行地龙品种的鉴别,还运用了X射线衍射Fourier谱法及线粒体中12S rRNA基因作为分子标记来鉴定地龙品种,其鉴定方法还需进一步研究。目前已建立起多种地龙药材质量的控制方法,包括地龙HPLC指纹图、高效毛细管电泳特征图谱、酶活性为指标评价地龙药材质量及以灰关联度模型评价地龙药材质量等方法。地龙主要的化学成分包括蛋白质、氨基酸、酶类、脂类、微量元素、核苷酸等化合物,其主要药理作用有平喘降压、解热镇痛、抗凝血、抗血栓、抗肿瘤、增强免疫等。地龙的主要药效成分包括地龙蛋白、酶类、氨基酸、微量元素等,在有的药理作用中具体哪种成分发挥作用及其作用机制尚未明确,还需进一步深入研究。有关地龙的人工养殖鲜有报道,其养殖技术尚未成熟,规范化人工养殖地龙还处于摸索阶段。目前对地龙的研究还不足,使其具有广阔的研究和开发的前景。本文综述了近年来地龙的研究进展,为地龙的进一步研究提供参考依据。
By reviewing the papersonpheretima in recent years,the latest research progresses on the identification of cultivars,quality control of medicine,chemical constituents,pharmacological effects and artificial breeding were summarized in this paper. According to the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia records,pheretima includes Pheretima aspergillum,P. vulgaris,P. guillelmi and P. pectinifera. The present study showed that mitochondrial CO Ⅰ and 16 S r DNA gene of pheretima were used as DNA bar code to identify the pheretimacultivars. X-ray differaction Fourier patternand 12 S rRNA gene in mitochondria were used as molecular markers to identifycultivars. The identification methods needed further research. A variety of methods have been established for controlling the quality of medicine,including the HPLC fingerprint of pheretima,the characteristic map of high performance capillary electrophoresis,the enzyme activity as an index to evaluate the quality of medicine and the quality evaluation ofmedicine by the gray relational degree model. The main chemical composition of pheretimainclude protein,amino acids,enzymes,lipids,trace elements,nucleotides and others. Its main pharmacological effects includeantiasthma,antihypertensive,antipyretic,anti-inflammatory,anticoagulant,antithrombotic,anti-tumor,enhancing immunity and so on. The main active ingredients of pheretima include protein,enzyme,amino acid,trace elements and so on. In some pharmacological actions,the active ingredients andmechanism of actionare stillunclear,so further research is needed. The artificial breeding of pheretima has rarely been reported; its breeding technology has not yet been refined,and the standardized artificial breeding technology is still in its exploration stage. The research onpheretima is still insufficient,with broad prospects for research and development. This paper may provide a reference for the further research on pheretima.
作者
黄庆
李志武
马志国
李荷
毛润乾
HUANG Qing;LI Zhi-wu;MA Zhi-guo;LI He;MAO Run-qian(School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutial University, Guangzhou 510006, China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou 510260, China;Luchuan Pheretima Farm, Yulin 537700, China;Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第13期220-226,共7页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家新兴产业重大工程包中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-GD-13)
广东省科学院技术转移专项(2016G1FC0011)
关键词
地龙
药理作用
药材质量控制
研究进展
Pheretima
pharmacological effects
quality control of medicine
research advances
