摘要
百宜镇是贵州地方特色辣椒品种"百宜平面椒"的主产地,研究该区域辣椒地土壤养分状况,对指导区域辣椒种植和配方施肥,促进辣椒产业绿色发展,带动贫困户增产增收等有重要意义。通过采集百宜镇辣椒产地土壤表层(0～20 cm)样品128个,分析检测土样的pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾等8个指标,利用分肥力系数和修正的内梅罗(Nemoro)公式对研究区土壤养分状况进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤pH值在4.55～7.08;土壤全氮和碱解氮含量分别在0.12～4.13g/kg和82.01～972.75 mg/kg;土壤全磷和有效磷含量分别在0.04～2.70 g/kg和0.50～111.00 mg/kg;土壤全钾和速效钾含量分别为8.50～26.20 g/kg和22.00～530.00 mg/kg。(2)对研究区土样8种养分指标进行分级,土壤样点pH值主要为酸性至微酸性,有机质含量整体处于中等偏高水平,全氮整体丰富,全磷处于中等水平,全钾中等偏低,碱解氮丰富,有效磷中等偏上,土壤速效钾普遍缺乏。(3)研究区辣椒地土壤综合肥力值在0.9～1.8。综合肥力空间分布表现为中部和东南部相对较高,西部和东北部相对较低。建议研究区实行"减氮、适磷、增钾",调整肥料结构,改进施肥方法。以土壤养分检测和辣椒需肥特性为依据开展科学配方施肥有利于提高辣椒种植效益。
Baiyi town is the main producing area of ＂Bai Yi Flat Pepper＂ in Guiyang province. As a result, it is important to study the soil nutrient status in the region, to guide the regional pepper planting and formula fertilization, and finally to promote the green development of pepper industry, as well as to drive the incomes of farmers. A total of 128 samples of the surface soil（0 ～ 20 cm） were collected from the pepper producing area of the Baiyi Town. Then, 8 indexes were analyzed, including pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali solution nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and available potassium. The soil nutrient status were evaluated using the coefficient of partial fertility and modified Nemoro formula. The results showed that：（1） The pH values of soils in the area were in 4.55 ～ 7.08 range. The content of total nitrogen and alkali solution nitrogen in soils were in the range of 0.12 ～ 4.13 g/kg, and 82.01 ～ 972.75 mg/kg, respectively. The content of total phosphorus and effective phosphorus in soils were in the range of 0.04 ～ 2.70 g/kg, and 0.5 ～ 111.00 mg/kg, respectively. The content range of total potassium and available potassium in soils were 8.50 ～ 26.20 g/kg and 22.00 ～ 530.00 mg/kg, respectively.（2） The pH values showed the sampled soils were mainly acidic to slightly acidic. The organic matter content was in the medium high level. The total nitrogen content was very rich, but 10% of the soil total nitrogen was in a very poor level. Total phosphorus content was in the middle level. Total potassium was in medium low level. The alkali nitrogen was very rich. The effective phosphorus was in the middle level. Available potassium was generally scarce.（3） In these region, the soil comprehensive fertility values were in the 0.9 ～ 1.8 range, and the soil comprehensive fertility level was at middle level. The spatial distribution of comprehensive fertility was relatively high in the middle and south-east, relatively low in the west and northeast. It is suggested that reducing nitrogen, applying phosphorus, increasing potassium, as well as adjusting fertilizer structure and improving fertilization method should be adopted in the Baiyi town. It is beneficial to increase the economic benefits of pepper industry, when carry out scientific formula fertilization on the basis of soil nutrient measurement and pepper fertilizer requirement characteristics.
作者
罗意
邢丹
肖玖军
胡明文
熊仕娟
王永平
张爱民
廖芳芳
Luo Yi;XING Dan;XIAO Jiujun;HU Mingwen;XIONG Shijuan;WANG Yongping;ZHANG Aimin;LIAO Fangfang(Guiyang College,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Pepper,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural of Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Institute of Mountain Resources of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,550001,China)
出处
《辣椒杂志》
2018年第1期35-41,共7页
Journal of China Capsicum
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合NY[2015]3018-2号)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2329)
关键词
地方辣椒
土壤
养分
百宜
综合评价
chili landrace
soil
nutrient
Baiyi
comprehensive assessment
