摘要
目的研究心脏和脾脏用于溺死诊断的硅藻检验的适用性。方法 (1)使用2016年4月购置于中科院水生生物研究所的小环藻属硅藻,建立4种不同硅藻浓度水样模型(0.01,0.02,0.04 g/L和0.08 g/L);(2)将2016年9月购置于华中科技大学同济医学院实验动物中心的100只SD大鼠,每10个大鼠为一组,建立动物模型:4个生前溺死组、4个死后抛尸组、1个空白生前溺死组、1个空白死后抛尸组;(3)将相应组的SD大鼠分别在相应水样模型中溺死,取心脏和脾脏,称重,然后进行消化浓缩制片,记录硅藻数目,最后进行统计学分析。结果 (1)100只SD大鼠心脏重量在0.93~1.62 g之间,所有SD大鼠脾脏重量在0.57~1.1 g之间。水样模型中硅藻数量分别是(1 766.67±1 027.73)个(0.01 g/L),(3 166.67±1 118.49)个(0.02 g/L),(5 633.33±1 994.49)个(0.04 g/L)和(9 500.00±2 291.00)个(0.08 g/L)。(2)死后抛尸组、空白生前溺死组和空白死后抛尸组的大鼠心脏和脾脏中均未检出硅藻。(3)生前溺死组中,从低浓度到高浓度,心脏的硅藻数量质量比分别为(0.49±0.34)、(1.08±0.75)、(1.22±0.79)个/g和(1.52±1.08)个/g,脾脏的硅藻数量质量比分别为(0.86±0.75)、(0.80±0.81)、(1.52±1.21)个/g和(2.80±1.69)个/g。从低浓度到高浓度,同一浓度下,心脏与脾脏数量质量比之间进行比较分析,(t=1.43,-2.08,0.99,2.77,P=0.19,0.07,0.35,0.02)。两脏器硅藻数量质量比与水样浓度之间,通过Spearman回归分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(4)生前溺死组中,从低浓度到高浓度,心脏中硅藻检出率分别为70%,80%,90%和90%,脾脏中硅藻检出率分别为0.60、0.60、0.70和0.90。从低浓度到高浓度,同一浓度下,两脏器的硅藻检出率进行比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.22、0.95、1.25、0.00,P=0.64、0.33、0.26、1.00)。结论心脏和脾脏适用于溺死诊断的硅藻检验,且均具有高特异性和低灵敏度的特点,两脏器的硅藻数量质量比与水样浓度正相关。
Objective To study the applicability of the heart and spleen for the diagnosis of drowning in the diatom test. Methods（1）By using the diatomite of genus cyclotella, which was purchased from Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences in April 2016, the diatom water model was established with 4 different concentrations（0.01,0.02, 0.04 g/L and 0.08 g/L）;（2）100 SD rats were purchased from the experimental animal department in Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in September 2016. The animal models were established with 10 rats each group： 4 drowning groups and 4 postmortem groups, 1 blank drowning group, 1 blank postmortem group;（3） The SD rats were drowned in the water. After death, the hearts and spleens of rats in each group were taken out, weighed, digested, concentrated and observed in optical microscopes. The number of diatom was recorded and statistically analyzed. Results（1） The heart weight of 100 SD rats was from 0.93 g to 1.62 g, and the spleen weight was from 0.57 g to 1.1 g. The numbers of diatoms in water samples was（1 766.67±1 027.73）（0.01 g/L）,（3 166.67±1 118.49）（0.02 g/L）,（5 633.33±1 994.49）（0.04 g/L） and（9 500±2 291）（0.08 g/L） respectively.（2） No diatoms were found in the heart and spleen of the rats in the postmortem groups, blank drowning group and blank postmortem group.（3） In drowning groups, the ratios of number and mass of SD rats＇ hearts from low to high concentration were（0.49 ±0.34）,（1.08±0.75）lg,（1.22±0.79）lg and（1.52±1.08）lg, while the ratios of spleens were（0.86±0.75）,（0.80±0.81）,（1.52±1.21）lg and（2.80±1.69）lg. Comparing the ratio between heart and spleen at the same concentration of diatom water（t=1.43,-2.08, 0.99, 2.77,P= 0.19, 0.07, 0.35, 0.02）. The relationships of heart and water samples or spleen and water samples were analyzed by Spearman regression analysis.（4） From low to high concentration, positive rates of diatom rates of hearts in the drowning groups were 70%, 80%, 90% and 90%. The positive rates of diatom rates of spleens were 0.60,0.60, 0.70 and 0.90. Comparing the positive rates between heart and spleen at the same concentration,the difference was not statistically significant（χ2=0.22, 0.95, 1.25, 0.00,P=0.64, 0.33, 0.26, 1.00）. Conclusion The heart and spleen are suitable for diatom test in drowning diagnosis, and the diatom test in these two organs have high specificity and lower sensitivity. The ratio in the heart and spleen increases with the raising of diatoms in water under drowning.
作者
刘泉
陈轶群
柯技
王树法
LIU Quan;CHEN Yi-qun;KE Ji;WANG Shu-fa(Department of investigation,Hubei Police College,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430034 China;Hubei Sanzhen Judicial Authentication Center,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430034 China;Hubei Chongxin Judicial Appraisal Center,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430403 China;Experimental Center,Hubei Police College,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430034 China)
出处
《系统医学》
2018年第11期13-17,共5页
Systems Medicine
基金
2014年湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目(B2014013)
关键词
溺死
硅藻检验
心脏
脾脏
数量质量比
Drowning
Diatom test
Heart
Spleen
Ratio of Number and Quality
