摘要
针对传统化学法制备膨胀石墨存在环境污染、膨化体积小、高温下易氧化等问题,以KMnO4和HClO4为主要氧化插层体系,采用化学氧化法制备膨胀石墨,并采用磷酸、硼酸及磷酸二氢钾对其进行抗氧化处理。实验结果表明:最佳制备工艺为石墨3 g、高锰酸钾0. 45 g和高氯酸14m L,反应温度40℃,反应时间90 min,可膨胀石墨的膨胀体积达到450 m L/g;当硼酸(饱和溶液)、磷酸二氢钾(饱和溶液)和磷酸(质量分数为85%)溶液的体积比为1∶1∶3时,制备的高倍率无硫抗氧化膨胀石墨500℃下煅烧10 min氧化失重率仅为0. 96%。该方法制得的膨胀石墨在无硫化、膨化倍数、抗氧化性能等方面有明显改善。
This paper is aimed at seeking an improved alternative to the traditional chemical method which suffers from notorious problems, such as environmental pollution, smaller expansion volume and easier oxidation at high temperature when used for preparing expanded graphite.The study involves preparing the expanded graphite by chemical oxidation method using KMnO 4 and HClO 4 as the main oxidation intercalation system; and performing antioxidant treatment using phosphoric acid boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The results show that the optimum preparation conditions are： the mass and volume ratios of graphite（3 g）, potassium permanganate（0.45 g） and perchloric acid（14 mL）, the reaction temperature（40 ℃）, the reaction time（90 min）, allowing the expansion volume of expandable graphite to reach 450 mL/g; the presence of the volume ratio（1∶ 1∶ 3） for boric acid（saturated solution）, potassium dihydrogen phosphate（saturated solution） and phosphoric acid（mass fraction 85%） solution means is only 0.96% for oxidation weightless rate in the case of the calcinations of prepared high-rate sulphur-free anti-oxidation expanded graphite under 500 ℃ and for 10 min.The expanded graphite obtained by this method provides a significant improvement in the vulcanization freedom, expansion ratio increase, and oxidation resistance improvement.
作者
丁慧贤
柳开智
张增凤
Ding Huixian;Liu Kaizhi;Zhang Zengfeng(School of Environmental ＆ Chemical Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science ＆ Technology,Harbin 150022,China;School of Sciences,Heilongjiang University of Science ＆ Technology,Harbin 150022,China)
出处
《黑龙江科技大学学报》
CAS
2018年第5期509-513,共5页
Journal of Heilongjiang University of Science And Technology
基金
黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541709)
关键词
膨胀石墨
无硫
抗氧化
化学氧化法
expanded graphite
sulfur-free
anti-oxidation
chemical oxidation method
