摘要
20世纪60年代以来,伴随着经济振兴与民族主义的崛起,魁北克政府开始尝试通过立法改变法语在本省的颓势地位。然而,强制街头的商业标识只能使用法语以及强制绝大多数父母只能让子女接受以法语授课的教育等语言政策在加拿大引起了轩然大波,被认为侵犯了个体自由。随后,一系列诉讼向魁北克的语言立法发起挑战,而挑战方的依据则是以保障个人权利与自由为目的的加拿大《权利宪章》。实际上,魁北克语言立法的背后有着深厚的学理支持,一些学者通过证明集体目标从而认为语言立法对个体自由的限制是合理的。而加拿大《权利宪章》看似是基于个人主义,实则背后隐藏着一个更大的集体目标,即构建以宪法为核心的泛加拿大认同,以期超越对特定族裔、民族或地区的认同,从而巩固加拿大的团结。
Since the 1960s,with the economic prosperity and the rise of nationalism,Quebec government beganto try to change the weak position of French language in Quebec by legislation. In particular,French was the onlylanguage allowed on commercial signs and the vast majority of children receive instruction only in French,whichraised a bitter dispute and is considered to be a violation of individual freedom. Subsequently,a series of lawsuitsbased on the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms challenged language policy in Quebec. In fact,languagelegislation in Quebec has a solid theoretical basis and some scholars have confirmed that the restriction of individ-ual freedoms by language legislation is reasonable by justifying collective goals. Meanwhile,the purpose of the Ca-nadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms seems to be merely to protect individual freedoms,but in fact,there is alsoa larger collective goal. This collective goal hopes to construct a pan-Canadian identity that transcends provincialand ethnic identities and ultimately consolidates solidarity of Canada.
作者
李亢
Li Kang(Law School of Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《北华大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第5期67-74,共8页
Journal of Beihua University(Social Sciences)
关键词
个体自由
集体目标
权利宪章
语言立法
联邦制
Individual freedoms
Collective goals
Charter of rights
Language policy
Federalism
