摘要
外泌体(exosomes)是在环境刺激或细胞活化时释放到细胞外的一种直径30~100 nm的纳米级囊泡,可将所携带的生物活性物质转移到邻近或远处的细胞产生生物学效应,在物质运输、信息传递和免疫监督、炎症反应及肿瘤的发生、发展等许多生理、病理过程中有重要作用。外泌体可由多种细胞分泌产生,目前已在多种体液中如唾液、尿液、腹水、胸水等中提取到外泌体。而对于外泌体的研究主要集中在其与肿瘤、免疫调节、血液类疾病的关系,在妇科领域的研究尚处于起步阶段,也主要是关于妇科肿瘤的研究。近年来已在子宫内膜中成功提取到外泌体,研究表明子宫内膜来源的外泌体在胚胎植入、子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜异位症的发生发展过程中具有一定的作用,已逐渐成为妇科领域的研究热点。
Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles with a diameter of 30-100 nm that are released to the outside of the cell during environmental stimulation or cell activation. They can transfer the bioactive substances carried to adjacent or distant cells, resulting in biological effects. They are involved in many physiological processes such as substance transport, information transmission and immunosurveillance, inflammatory reactions, and the occurrence and development of tumors. There is an important role in the pathological process. Exosomes can be secreted by a variety of cells, and exosomes have been extracted in various body fluids such as saliva, urine, ascites, and pleural effusions. The research on exosomes mainly focuses on the relationship between exosomes and tumors, immune regulation and blood diseases. The research in gynecology is still in its infancy, and mainly on gynecological tumors. In recent years, exosomes have also been successfully extracted from the endometrium. Studies have shown that endometrium-derived exosomes have a certain degree in the process of embryo implantation, endometrial cancer, and endometriosis. The role has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of gynecology.
作者
杨红
李嘉
胡天祺
齐聪
YANG Hong;LI Jia;HU Tian-qi;QI Cong(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology（YANG Hong,HU Tian-qi,QI Cong;Department of Acupuncture LI Jia Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China)
出处
《国际妇产科学杂志》
CAS
2018年第5期574-578,共5页
Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(81704108)
上海中医药大学第四期名老中医药专家经验研究工作建设项目(SZYMZYGZS4014)
