摘要
目的:分析医院临床ADR发生规律及其特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:抽取医院2015年1月—2017年12月间上报的648例ADR报告;按患者年龄、性别和不良反应程度、药物类型、给药途径、不良反应涉及器官系统及临床表现,分析其发生的规律及其特点。结果:648例ADR报告中,男性患者比例略高于女性;最易发生不良反应的年龄段为41～70岁和10岁及以下者,分别占40.43%和25.00%;静脉滴注引发的不良反应为最多(占86.73%);类型最多的是一般不良反应(占70.83%);涉及的药物以抗微生物药、抗肿瘤药及中药制剂为最多,分别占57.25%、12.35%和7.10%;对抗微生物药进一步分类统计发现,头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、青霉素类及喹诺酮类药物致不良反应比例为最高,分别占60.38%、14.82%、10.51%和7.01%;ADR致皮肤及附件损害为最常见,其次为胃肠道系统损害及全身性损害,分别占53.70%、8.43%和8.14%;发生ADR后好转及痊愈率达96.30%。结论:临床应加强对ADR的监测管理,注重用药规范和合理,减少或避免ADR的发生,保障患者用药安全。
Objective： To analyze the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR） in a hospital, and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic. Methods： 648 cases of ADR reported in a hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected. According to patient＇s age, sex, degree of adverse drug reaction, drug type, route of administration, organ or system and clinical manifestation ofADR, a retrospective statistical analysis was conducted. Its occurrence pattern and characteristics were analyzed. Results： 648 cases of ADR in hospital, the propor- tion of male was slightly higher than that as female; ADR was the most frequent occurance （between 41 and 70） as well as I0 years old and below patients which accounted for 40.43% and 25.00%： the ADR of intravenous injection caused the largest patients（86.73%）： most of the ADR were general ADR （70.83%）; the most ADR happened in the anti-micro- bial drugs, antineoplastic drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine （accounted for 57.25%, 12.35% and 7.10%）. After the ADR of anti-microbial drug further classified it was found the cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins and quinolones were the highest, accounted for 60.38%, 14.82%, 10.51% and 7.01%; most common ADR was in skin and its appendag- es, followed by gastrointestinal tract damage and systemic damage, which accounted for 53.70%, 8.43% and 8.14%, re- spectively; and the recovery rate was 96.3% after the ADR. Conclusions： It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and management of ADR in the clinic, to pay attention to the standardization of rational use of drugs, to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADRs, and to ensure the safety of the patients.
作者
范薇
曾超
FAN Wei(The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001,China)
出处
《抗感染药学》
2018年第9期1560-1565,共6页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
关键词
ADR
合理用药
发生规律
ADR
rational drug use
occurrence pattern
