摘要
现存的韩国古舆图多数是朝鲜时代(1391-1910)的作品,其中所绘制的琉球,大体可分为两类,一是出现在世界总图中;二是单幅的琉球国图。前一类所谓的世界总图包括"混一疆理历代国都之图""华东舆地图""王泮舆地图朝鲜增补摹绘本""混一历代国都疆理之图""天下舆地图""舆地全图"以及各类"天下图"等,这类地图通常以中国为中心,中国的内容也最为丰富。后一类除了1471年《海东诸国纪》中的"琉球国图",主要存于18世纪中叶在朝鲜开始流行的"地图帖"内,这种"地图帖"通常还包括圆形的"天下图"、中国全图、日本国图和朝鲜八道图。梳理这些古舆图所绘制的琉球,并将之与中国明清舆图中的琉球进行对比,可以看到,朝鲜古舆图的琉球形象是多元而丰富的,一方面沿用中国古舆图的相关内容,另一方面也基于其自身对琉球的认识,17世纪之后还部分受到传入的西方传教士汉文世界地图的影响。这个时期朝鲜作为中国周边地区,其对外部世界的认识在以中国为中心的同时,也十分关注并强调与自己相对应的中国周边其他地区的存在。明清东亚海上交往活泼的态势由此也可见一斑。
Most of the existing Korean old maps could be dated back to the Joseon （Chǒson） Dynasty（1391-1910）. It is interesting to study “Ryukyu” on these maps, which, generally speaking, could be classified into two categories, namely, world maps and maps of Ryukyu. The former includes HonilgangniYokdaeKukdo-chido （《混一疆理历代国都之图》）,HwadongKo-chido（《华东舆地图》）,the Supplemented Korean Reproduction of Yu Di Tu with an Inscription by Wang Pan（《王泮舆地图朝鲜增补摹绘本》）,HonilYokdaeKukdoKangni-chido（《混一历代国都疆理之图》）,ChonhaYochido（《天下舆地图》）,Yochi-Chondo（《舆地全图》） and various kinds of Chonhado（天下图） etc, most of which were Sino-centric. The latter category could be found in HaedongCheguk-ki（《海东诸国纪》） of 1471, as well as in Chidochae（地图帖）, a popular atlas in the mid-18 th century in Joseon, Chidochae includes the world map and maps of China, Japan and Joseon. A comparison between these maps and the Chinese maps reveals the pluralistic and diverse cognition of Ryukyu on the Korean old maps which were based on the Chinese maps and the Korean ’ s knowledge of Ryukyu. After the 17 th century, it might be also partly influenced by the Chinese world maps produced by Western missionaries. As a neighboring state of China, Joseon, whose knowledge about the outside world was centered on China, also paid great attention to other neighboring states of China. These maps reflected the active maritime communication in East Asia during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
出处
《海交史研究》
CSSCI
2018年第2期40-56,共17页
Journal of Maritime History Studies
基金
浙江大学文科教师教学科研发展专项资助.
关键词
古舆图
琉球
中韩关系史
明清时期
东亚海上交往
Old Maps
Ryukyu
History of China-Korean Relations
the Ming and Qing Dynasties
Maritime Communication in East Asia
