摘要
目的了解某三级甲等综合医院的感染现状,为制定医院感染控制措施和提高医院感染控制能力提供科学依据。方法采取横断面调查方法,对该院2015年11月19日00:00至24:00在院的住院患者医院感染情况进行调查分析。结果调查1 020例患者,发生医院感染60例,现患率为5. 88%;发生社区感染226例,现患率为22. 16%。医院感染现患率前3位的科室分别为综合ICU(37. 50%)、泌尿外科(24. 14%)和神经外科(14. 29%);社区感染前3位科室分别是儿科(100. 00%)、呼吸内科(74. 07%)和胸外科(44. 44%)。医院感染部位前2位分别是下呼吸道感染(30例,46. 88%)和泌尿道感染(18例,28. 13%)。检出病原体共计53株,其中革兰阴性菌36株,革兰阳性菌11株,真菌5株。本次调查抗菌药物使用率为36. 37%(371例),治疗使用抗菌药物前病原学送检率为58. 74%(158例)。结论该院医院感染以下呼吸道感染为主,主要集中在综合ICU、泌尿外科和神经外科,应针对重点科室,制定并严格落实各项感染防控措施,减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the basic situation of nosocomial infection in a hospital a third-grade class-A hospital,and to provide the scientific basis for taking measures and improving the capability for hospital infection prevention and control. Methods a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the nosocomial infection of hospital patients in hospital from 00： 00 to 24： 00 in November 19,2015. Results The actual number of people investigated was 1 020.There were 60 cases developed nosocomial infection,prevalence rate was 5. 88%; there were 226 cases developed community infection,prevalence rate was 22. 16%. The top three sections that hospital infection happened were general ICU（ 37. 5%） 、urological surgery unit（ 24. 14%） and neurosurgical unit（ 14. 29%）. The top three sections that community-acquired infection were department of pediatrics（ 100%） 、 respiratory medicine（ 74. 07%） and thoracic surgery（ 44. 44%）. The top two sites of infection were lower respiratory tract（ 30 cases,46. 88%） and urinary tract（ 18 cases,28. 13%. The total number of pathogenic agent was 53,the most of which was Gram negative bacteria（ 36 strains）,followed by Gram positive bacteria（ 11 strains） and fungus（ 4 strains）. The rate of antimicrobial drug using was 36. 37%（ 371 cases）,and The microorganisms delivered detection rate before therapeutic use of antibiotics was 58. 74%（ 158 cases）. Conclusion The hospital infection mainly occurred in respiratory tract and gathered in general ICU、urological surgery unit and neurosurgical unit. Infection control measures should be developed and strictly enforced focused on key sections,so as to achieve the reduction of infection in hospital.
作者
贾莉萍
王洪江
刘欣波
冉素平
JIA Li-Ping;WANG Hong-Jiang;LIU Xin-Bo;RAN Su-Ping(The 306th Hospital of PLA,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《中国消毒学杂志》
CAS
2018年第11期837-840,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disinfection
关键词
医院感染
社区感染
现患率
病原体
抗菌药物
nosocomial infection
community infection
prevalence rate
pathogen
antibacterial agents
