摘要
根据田间试验资料 ,系统地分析了棉花耗水量、产量、边际产量、土壤水分含量、棉花水分利用效率之间的关系。结果表明 :(1)棉花水分利用效率与棉花耗水量呈二次抛物线关系 ;(2 )就棉花水分利用效率而言 ,苗期、蕾期、花铃期、吐絮期对应的 1m土体适宜土壤水分下限分别为 1m土体田间持水量的 74 % ,6 8% ,6 5 % ,6 7% ;(3)塔里木盆地水资源紧缺 ,按经济效益最佳的灌溉定额进行节水灌溉 ,可有效地提高棉花水分利用效率。在此基础上将有限水资源首先分配在棉花的需水临界期 (花铃期和蕾期 )会进一步提高水分利用效率 ;(4)棉花水分利用效率是衡量棉花用水效率的指标之一 ,要获得最好的社会经济效益 。
Based on the experimental data, the relationships between water consumption, yield, marginal yield, water use efficiency and soil water content are systematically analyzed. The results show that (1) The relationships between water use efficiency and water consumption are quadratic parabola; (2) as for water use efficiency, the lower limits of optimum soil moisture indexes for the high yield and water saving and good quality of seeding, squaring,flowering,boll opening stage of cotton are 65%, 65%, 72%, 63% of soil moisture capacity (in 100 cm depth), respectively; (3) because the Tarim River Basin is lack of water resources,water saving economical irrigation can raise water use efficiency greatly. On the basis of this, distributing limited water resources mainly in the critical periods of water requirement of cotton (flowering and budding) can further raise water use efficiency; (4) water use efficiency of cotton is one of the indices assessing cotton water consumption.In order to obtain the best economic returns, consideration must be given to both cotton yield and water use efficiency.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第3期66-70,共5页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家重点基础研究 973项目 (G19990 43 5 0 6)
中国科学院"西部之光"项目
