摘要
随着城市规模的扩大以及城市群的增加,城市之间的重叠污染现象日益显现,如何解决这一问题,成为关注的热点.提出大气环境安全距离指数(AEI)用于评估城市之间重叠污染,建立大气环境安全距离优化模型,分别是:污染物总量削减优化模型,污染源空间位置优化模型和城市之间下垫面土地利用类型优化模型.以H地区为例,评估了SO_2和NOx两种污染物在基准年排放量情景下,H地区与相邻5个地区之间的大气环境安全距离.结果表明,H地区与K地区之间的AEI大于1,揭示两者之间存在重叠污染现象.采用3种优化模型对H地区与K地区进行优化,结果显示,通过削减H地区污染物排放量可实现两个地区大气环境安全距离的目标,H区SO_2和NOx排放量需在基准年的基础上分别削减62.3%和63.7%.通过调整H地区污染源空间位置,污染源整体需向西南方向移动,H区与相关客体之间的单指标污染扩散距离可达标,其中SO_2的AEI介于0.15~1.00,NOx的AEI介于0.17~1.00;通过对两个地区之间下垫面土地利用优化,在一定程度上可改善H地区和客体之间的大气环境安全距离,H地区与K地区之间SO_2和NOx的AEI比实际分别降低了8.8%和0.9%.
With the expansion of urban area and growing urban groups,cross-city pollution is becoming increasinglyserious,and more concerns have been raised over this issue.This study defined the concept of atmospheric environmentalsafety distance index(AEI)as an indicator of cross-city pollution and built an optimization model to quantify theenvironmental safety distance.The model consists three components:(1)pollution reduction,(2)adjusting pollutionsource location,(3)optimizing land use.In the case study,the model was applied to H area,to calculate5AEIs related toH in two scenarios of different pollutant emissions of SO2and NOx in a base year.Results showed that AEI between H andK is larger than1,indicating the presence of cross pollution between these two areas.Results from optimization indicatedthat the AEI can be reduced to1.0under the emission reduction scenario when pollutant emissions for SO2and NOx wouldbe reduced by62.3%and63.7%respectively.The adjusting pollution source location scenario showed that the locationshould be moved to southwest,and AEI for SO2and NOx could be reduced to0.15~1.00and0.17~1.00.Optimizing landuse can reduce AEI though fails to meet the target.Moreover,the AEI between H and K could be reduced by8.8%and0.9%for SO2and NOx respectively.
作者
王西琴
张远
高伟
WANG Xi-qin;ZHANG Yuan;GAO Wei(School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012,China;School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期3292-3300,共9页
China Environmental Science
基金
云南省基础研究计划青年项目(Y0120160068)
关键词
城市
大气污染
重叠污染
环境安全距离指数
优化
urban
air pollution
cross-city pollution
environmental safety distance
objective optimization
