摘要
过海隧道一般规模大,场地环境复杂且工程经验缺乏,设计方案优劣直接关系到工程的成败。目前内地尚无建成的地铁过海区间隧道,对过海区间的设计标准和技术研究较少。文章以厦门轨道交通3号线过海区间为工程背景,采用地质分析、工程类比和综合比选的方法,对长大过海地铁区间的设计关键技术,包括工法选择、断面设计、防排水设计、海域复杂地质应对、耐久性设计、防灾通风及疏散等进行分析。提出结合不同区段地质情况采用盾构法和矿山法组合的工法;矿山法段防排水考虑超前注浆控制排水量,采用可维护排水系统;海域复杂地质段(包括风化深槽、富水砂层、硬岩及软硬不均地层、孤石发育等)采取针对性设计措施;隧道结构的耐久性设计与承载力极限设计并重对待,考虑预留补强空间;隧道防灾采用分段纵向通风排烟模式,设置岸边通风竖井和土建排烟风道。研究成果可为区间方案决策提供技术支持,并为类似工程实施提供借鉴。
A sea-crossing tunnel is generally large in scale,having a complex site environment,and lack of engineering experience.The success of the project is directly related to the design plan.At present,no metro sea-crossing tunnel havd been built in mainland,and the design standard and technology of the sea-crossing tunnel are not studied throughly.The key technology of long and large sea-crossing metro tunnel design,including construction method selection,cross-section design,waterproofing and drainage system design,response to complex environment in sea area,durability design,ventilation and evacuation are analyzd with methods of geological analysis,engineering analogy and comprehensive comparison based on the sea-crossing tunnel of Xiamen Rail Transit Line 3.A combination of shield and mining methods is proposed for the geological conditions of different sections.The drainage system of the mining section can be maintained by applying advanced grouting to control displacement.The complex geology of the sea area is considered in the targeted design,including a deep weathering trough,a water-rich sand layer,a hard rock and uneven stratum,and the development of solitary rocks.The durability design of the tunnel structure and the limit of the bearing capacity are treated equally to consider safety reserve.The tunnel adopts sectioned longitudinal ventilation and smoke extraction m ode,and contains ventilation shafts and civil smoke extraction air shafts on shore to prevent disasters.The conclusions can provide technical support for tunnel scheme decision and reference for similar projects.
作者
宋超业
贺维国
SONG Chaoye;HE Weiguo(China Railway Tunnel Survey&Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300133,China)
出处
《隧道建设（中英文）》
北大核心
2018年第3期414-423,共10页
Tunnel Construction
基金
国家铁路局科技研究计划(KF2015-005-B)
中国中铁科技开发计划(2016-重大-08)
关键词
地铁区间
海底隧道
盾构矿山组合法
防排水
耐久性
防灾疏散
metro tunnel
sea-crossing tunnel
shield method and mining method combination
waterproofing and drainage
durability
disaster prevention and evacuation
