摘要
本文划分国际知识溢出的来源和途径提出了相应的测算方法,引入三种空间权重矩阵,利用2003-2014年动态面板-空间杜宾模型,实证检验国际知识溢出对我国产业升级的影响。研究表明,总体上,我国FDI渠道的溢出效应大于进口贸易渠道;行业间知识溢出具有促进作用,而行业内知识溢出具有挤出效应;后向关联的溢出效应大于前向关联。分产业类型看,国际贸易渠道的知识溢出对阻止我国现有比较优势产业失势具有积极作用;国际贸易和国际投资双渠道的知识溢出对研究期内实现产业升级的产业都发挥了作用;国际投资渠道知识溢出的后向关联效应对我国发展潜在优势产业具有显著的促进作用。以上结果说明,国际知识溢出对我国产业升级的作用效果中,除FDI外,其他途径的效果均不理想,我国许多企业的技术进步陷入了FDI的"需求锁定"之中。因此,面对国际上新一轮的保护主义兴起,目前我国仍需继续挖掘利用外资渠道的产业间知识溢出效应,有助于形成我国产业知识资本积累,弥补我国R&D资本的行业间溢出效应的不足。
This paper distinguishes the sourcing and function channels of international knowledge spillovers,and puts forward corresponding measurement methods.To verify the impact of international knowledge spillovers on China′s industrial upgrading,this paper introduces three kinds of spatial weighting matrices,and uses 2003-2014 dynamic panel space Durbin model.The research shows that,on the whole,the spillover effect of FDI channel is greater than that of the import trade channel;the inter-industry knowledge spillover has a promoting effect,however,the knowledge spillover within industry has the extrude effect;and the backward correlation effect of vertical spillover is greater than the forward correlation effect.According to the types of sub-industry,knowledge spillovers from international trade channels have a positive effect on China′s existing comparative advantage industries;knowledge spillovers from both international trade and international investment channels have played a role in the process of industrial upgrading during the study period;the backward correlation effect of international investment channel knowledge spillovers has a significant promoting role to potential advantages industries in China.In conclusion,except FDI channel,the effects of international knowledge spillovers on the industrial upgrading in China are not ideal.Some industries in China are trapped in the“demand-lock”of FDI.Therefore,facing a new round of international protectionism,China still needs to explore the inter-industry knowledge spillover effect through the channel of foreign direct investment.The spillover effect of FDI conduces to the accumulation of industrial knowledge capital in China,and makes up for the insufficient of inter-industry spillover effect of China′s R&D capital.
作者
陈艺毛
李春艳
孙洋
CHEN Yi-mao;LI Chun-yan;SUN Yang(Business School,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130117,China)
出处
《商业研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期134-143,共10页
Commercial Research
关键词
国际知识溢出
产业升级
空间面板
international knowledge spillovers
industrial upgrading
spatial panel
