摘要
目的:观察高温高湿和常温常湿两种环境中相同运动强度运动前后RPE、最大随意收缩力量、最大随意收缩叠加电刺激诱发力量、最大颤搐收缩力矩、振幅等指标的变化,探讨长时间运动后神经肌肉疲劳类型与PAP的关系。方法:随机选取10名21～25岁的健康男性作为本研究的受试者,分别在高温高湿环境和常温常湿环境下完成60%V O2max强度的40 min慢跑运动,采用电刺激与随意收缩叠加法采集受试者运动前后相关神经肌肉功能指标。结果:1)常温常湿和高温高湿环境运动后均出现了神经肌肉疲劳,包括中枢疲劳和外周疲劳,且高温高湿环境疲劳程度更高。2)常温常湿环境和高温高湿环境运动后均产生了中枢疲劳,且高温高湿环境运动后中枢疲劳更为严重。3)常温常湿环境运动后产生了外周疲劳,高温高湿环境运动后外周疲劳不明显。4)常温常湿环境运动后PAP下降,高温高湿环境运动后PAP上升,高温高湿环境运动后产生了PAP效应。结论:1)高温高湿和常温常湿环境下完成长时间中等强度运动后,高温高湿环境较常温常湿环境RPE、神经肌肉疲劳程度更高,这可能是高温高湿环境机体能量消耗较高、机体核心温度更高等因素导致;2)高温高湿环境运动后中枢疲劳更明显,这是因为高温高湿环境运动后导致中枢神经发放冲动减弱,抑制了运动神经元的兴奋性;而常温常湿环境运动后外周疲劳更明显,这与Ca^(2+)释放和摄取均降低有关;3)PAP效应不仅仅出现在诱导训练中,在高温高湿环境长时间中等强度运动后机体也会产生相应的PAP效应;而常温常湿环境运动后无PAP效应的产生,这可能与运动后收缩蛋白对Ca^(2+)的敏感性改变有关。
Objective: To investigate the changes of RPE, maximum voluntary contraction force,maximum voluntary contraction force plus the force induced by superimposed electrical stimulation,maximal twitching torque and amplitude before and after prolonged exercise with the same exercise intensity in the high temperature and high humidity environment and normal environment. To further study the relationship between type of neuromuscular fatigue and PAP after exercise. Methods: Ten healthy men aged 21~25 years were selected randomly as subjects running at 60% V O2 max intensity for40 minutes in high temperature and humidity environment and normal environment, respectively. The neuromuscular function parameters of the subjects were collected by electrical stimulation and twitch interpolation technique before and after exercise. Results: 1) Neuromuscular fatigue, including central and peripheral fatigue, induced by exercise in both environments was more evident in the environment of high temperature and humidity than that in the normal environment; 2) Central fatigue induced by exercise in both environments was more evident in the environment of high temperature and humidity than that in the normal environment; 3) Peripheral fatigue was significantly induced by exercise in the normal environment, but was not obviously induced by exercise in the environment of high temperature and humidity; 4) The PAP was significantly decreased after exercise in the normal environment, but significantly increased after exercise at high temperature and high humidity. The PAP effect was produced after exercise at high temperature and high humidity. Conclusion: 1) After longterm moderate-intensity exercise in both environments, the RPE and neuromuscular fatigue are moreevident in high temperature and high humidity environment than those in normal environment, which may be induced by higher body temperature and higher energy consumption in the high temperature and high humidity environment, and/or other factors may be involved; 2) The more obvious central fatigue was induced after exercise in the high temperature and humidity environment, which implying that central nervous system impulse was weakened, and the excitability of motor neurons was inhibited; While the more obvious peripheral fatigue was induced after exercise in the normal environment, which implying that both rates of Ca2+ release and uptake are reduced; 3) PAP effect occurs not only in the induction training, but also in high temperature and humidity environment after a long period of moderate intensity exercise. However, there is no PAP effect after exercise in the normal environment, which may be related to the change of sensitivity of contractile proteins to Ca2+ after exercise.
作者
王海宁
陈万
王颖
张懿
杨峰
徐莘鹏
袁银行
李换平
时俊丽
WANG Hai-ning;CHEN Wan;WANG Ying;ZHANG Yi;YANG Feng;XU Shen-peng;YUAN Yin-hang;LI Huan-ping;SHI Jun-li(Shandong Sport University,Jinan 250102,China;Guizhou Research Institute of Sports Science,Guiyang 550002,China.)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期83-89,共7页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2015CL036)
山东省科技发展计划项目(2014GSF122002)
关键词
高温高湿
神经肌肉疲劳
PAP
high temperature and high humidity
neuromuscular fatigue
PAP
