摘要
形态变化和虚词运用,两者异曲同工,殊途同归。对汉语而言,虚词在运用的广度、深度、精度、频度方面是任何其他语言都无法比拟的,因此我们必须重新审视虚词在汉语中的定位和作用。在典型实词与典型虚词之间,存在着一个过渡地带,为此,我们提出"广义虚词"这一新的理念。汉语虚词研究将形成六个新趋势:(1)国际汉语教学的紧迫需求促使我们重新认识虚词在汉语语法体系中无可替代的主导地位;(2)虚词语法意义的确认,关键在于形式上的验证,要为每个虚词义项建立"定位框架";(3)虚词研究必须在一定的"语境"背景下才能有效地进行;(4)虚词研究的深化,必须在时间的纵轴和空间的横轴结合上下功夫;(5)重要虚词的个案深入研究和范畴虚词的比较研究将有机地结合起来;(6)虚词研究必须在研究方法和工具的现代化与网络化方面与时俱进。
Morphological change and the use of functional words are different means to the same end.The use of functional words in Chinese is unparalleled in other languages in terms of its breadth,depth,accuracy and frequency.Therefore,we must re-examine the status and role functional words in Chinese.There is a transitional zone between typical content words and typical functional words and,for this reason,I put forward a new concept:“generalized functional words”.I suggest that there will be six new directions in the study of Chinese functional words:(1)The urgent need for international Chinese teaching will prompt us to re-recognize the irreplaceable dominance of functional words in the Chinese grammar system;(2)Formal verification is the key to confirming the grammatical meaning of functional words,and a“positioning framework”should be established for each meaning item of functional words;(3)The study of functional words can only be carried out effectively in a certain context:(4)The in-depth study of functional words must be combined with the vertical axis of time and the horizontal axis of space;(5)Case studies of important functional words and comparative studies of category functional words will be integrated;(6)The study of functional words must keep pace with the times in the modernization and networking of research methods and tools.
作者
邵敬敏
Shao Jingmin(Chinese Language and Literature Department,College of Liberal Arts,Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510632,China)
出处
《华文教学与研究》
CSSCI
2019年第1期1-6,42,共7页
TCSOL Studies
基金
中国国家社科基金重大课题"境外汉语语法学史及数据库建设"(16ZDA209)
国家社科基金项目"汉语虚词词典编撰的方法论探讨及其实践"(12BYY101)
关键词
主导地位
广义虚词
定位框架
形式验证
范畴虚词
dominance
generalized functional words
positioning framework
formal verification
category functional words
