摘要
目的探讨鼻空肠管肠内营养支持护理在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用效果。方法将100例重型颅脑损伤患者分为2组,分别通过胃管和鼻空肠管两种方式进行肠内营养支持护理治疗。测定2组支持护理前及支持护理7、14 d血清总蛋白、转铁蛋白、血红蛋白、前白蛋白及空腹血糖含量;记录2组营养支持护理期间不良反应发生情况、肛门排气排便、肠鸣音恢复及入住ICU时间;比较2组预后情况。结果营养支持护理7 d,2组血清总蛋白、转铁蛋白、血红蛋白、前白蛋白及空腹血糖含量均显著下降,且观察组各指标水平仍显著高于对照组(P <0. 05);营养护理14 d,2组血清营养指标均显著回升,对照组仍显著低于护理前(P <0. 05),但观察组各指标水平显著高于同期对照组(P <0. 05)。观察组反流、误吸、胃潴留及肺感染发生率均显著低于对照组,肛门排气排便、肠鸣音恢复及入住ICU时间均显著短于对照组,预后显著优于对照组(P <0. 05)。2组消化道出血、腹泻发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论鼻空肠管肠内营养支持方式可改善重型颅脑损伤患者的营养状况,缩短病程,降低不良反应发生率。
Objective To explore the effect of enteral nutrition supportive nursing by nasojejunal tube on treatment of patients with severe craniocerebral injury. MethodsTotally 100 patients with severe craniocerebral injury were divided into two groups, and patients in two groups were treated with enteral nutrition supportive nursing by gastric tube and nasojejunal tube respectively. The levels of serum total protein, transferrin, hemoglobin, prealbumin and fasting blood sugar were measured before nursing and 7 and 14 days after supportive nursing in both groups. The adverse reactions, time of anal exhaust and defecation, time of bowel sounds recovery and ICU stay were recorded during nutritional supportive nursing in both groups. The prognosis of two groups was compared. Results After 7 days of nutritional supportive nursing, the contents of serum total protein, transferrin, hemoglobin, prealbumin and fasting blood sugar in both groups decreased significantly, and the levels of these indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P <0.05). After 14 days of nutritional nursing, the serum nutritional indexes in both groups increased significantly, while those in the control group were still significantly lower than those before nursing ( P < 0.05), and the levels of these indexes in observation group was significantly higher than the control group ( P <0.05). The incidence rates of reflux, aspiration, gastric retention and pulmonary infection in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, time of anal exhaust and defecation, time of bowel sounds recovery and ICU stay were significantly shorter than the control group, and the prognosis was significantly better than the control group ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence rates of gastrointestinal bleeding and diarrhea between the two groups ( P >0.05). ConclusionEnteral nutrition supportive nursing by nasojejunal tube can improve the nutritional status of patients with severe craniocerebral injury, shorten the course of disease and reduce the incidence rate of adverse reactions.
作者
刘洁
胡爱丽
黄玉霞
LIU Jie;HU Aili;HUANG Yuxia(Department of Neurosurgery, Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, Shaanxi, 725000)
出处
《实用临床医药杂志》
CAS
2019年第5期107-110,共4页
Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice
关键词
重型颅脑损伤
肠内营养
护理
鼻空肠管
severe craniocerebral injury
enteral nutrition
nursing
nasojejunal tube
