摘要
本试验旨在研究舍饲散栏奶牛舍卧床垫料中牛粪与稻壳比例对奶牛趴卧行为、消化性能和泌乳性能的影响。选择体重、泌乳天数、产奶量相近的健康奶牛200头,随机分为4组,即全牛粪组(TM组,卧床垫料为全牛粪)、6牛粪∶4稻壳组(6M∶4RH组,卧床垫料中牛粪与稻壳比例为6∶4)、4牛粪∶6稻壳组(4M∶6RH组,卧床垫料中牛粪与稻壳比例为4∶6)和全稻壳组(TRH组,卧床垫料为全稻壳),每组50头,各组奶牛采食相同的全混合日粮(TMR),饲养期为42 d。结果显示:1) TRH组的奶牛趴卧比率、卧床垫料中细菌数量和乳体细胞数均高于其他各组,其中卧床垫料中细菌数量与TM组的差异达到显著水平,乳体细胞数(第42天)与TM组和6M∶4RH组的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。2)第42天时,6M∶4RH组的产奶量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)各组干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙、磷表观消化率以及乳蛋白率、乳脂率均未表现出显著差异(P>0.05)。综合所测的各项指标,建议奶牛场选择牛粪与稻壳比例为6∶4的卧床垫料。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of manure/rice husk ratio in beddings on lying behavior,digestive performance and milk performance of dairy cows under stall-feeding condition. Two hundred healthy dairy cows with similar body weight,lactation days and milk yield were selected and randomly allocated to 4 groups with each group had 50 dairy cows. The 4 groups were total manure group (TM group,total manure),6 manure ∶ 4 rice husk group (6M ∶ 4RH group,the manure/rice husk ratio was 6 ∶ 4),4 manure ∶ 6 rice husk group (4M ∶ 6RH group,manure/rice husk ratio was 4 ∶ 6) and total rice husk group (TRH group,total rice husk). The trial period was 42 days,and all dairy cows fed the same total mixed ration (TMR). The results showed as follows: 1) the lying ratio and the counts of bacteria in beddings and milk somatic cell count in TRH group were higher than those in other three groups,and the count in beddings reached significant level compared with TM group,and the milk somatic cell count on the 42nd day reached significant level compared with TM and 6M ∶ 4RH groups ( P <0.05). 2) Compared with other 3 groups,the milk yield on the 42nd day of 6M ∶ 4RH group was significantly increased ( P <0.05). 3) There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM),crude protein (CP),ether extract (EE),neutral detergent fiber (NDF),acid neutral detergent (ADF),calcium (Ca),phosphorus (P),and milk protein percentage,milk fat among percentage among all groups ( P >0.05). It is suggested that the 6 manure ∶ 4 rice husk is the best choose for dairy farms base on the indexes being synthesized.
作者
单春花
郭建军
赵娟娟
王超
赵寿培
王亚男
高玉红
SHAN Chunhua;GUO Jianjun;ZHAO Juanjuan;WANG Chao;ZHAO Shoupei;WANG Yanan;GAO Yuhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Agriculture and Forestry Academy of Chengde,Chengde 067000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期1645-1654,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018120202)
冀北农业废弃物资源化利用技术研究示范(17227308D)
关键词
奶牛
卧床垫料
趴卧行为
消化性能
泌乳性能
dairy cows
bedding
lying behavior
digestive performance
milk performance
