摘要
【目的】筛选生物杀螨剂并分析和测定防治效果和毒力,为新型生物杀螨剂生物防治及应用提供理论依据。【方法】分析4种菊科蒿属植物精油的杀螨活性,通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取植物的精油,用叶片浸渍法测定不同植物精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的毒力。【结果】茵陈蒿、一枝蒿、蒌蒿精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的触杀活性较好,LC_(50)分别为17.49、18.17、22.26 mg/mL,其中茵陈蒿的活性最好,LC_(50)是阳性对照除虫菊提取物(LC_(50)=4.12 mg/mL)的4.24倍,稍弱于除虫菊提取物;黄花蒿精油的触杀活性最弱,半深度LC_(50)为54.00 mg/mL。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对活性植物茵陈蒿的精油进行成分分析,从茵陈蒿精油中分离鉴定出33个化合物,主要成分为其主要成分为大根香叶烯D(16.16%)、氧化石竹烯(10.42%)、石竹烯(8.70%)、a-毕橙茄醇(7.03%)、依兰油醇(4.83%)。【结论】茵陈蒿对土耳其斯坦叶螨具有较好的触杀活性,有发展为天然杀螨剂的潜力。
【Objective】 This project aims to screen the control effect and the acaricidal activity of bio-miticides in the hope of providing the theoretical basis for the biological control and application of a new biological acaricide.【Method】In order to explore the mite killing activity of the essential oil of four species of Artemisia species in the compositae family, the essential oil of plants was extracted by steam distillation, and the toxicity of the essential oil of different plants to T. turkestani leaf mite was determined by using the method of leaves-immersion bioassays.【Result】The result of the study showed that four essential oils were found to possess contact toxicity against T. turkestani, and the three essential oils(Artemisia capillaries, A. rupestris and A. selengensis) exhibited strong contact toxicity against adult T. turkestani with LC50(median lethal concentration) value of 17.49, 18.17 and 22.26 mg/mL, and the LC50 was 4.25, 4.41 and 5.40 times of the positive control pyrethrum extract(LC50=4.12 mg/mL) respectively, which was slightly weaker than the pyrethrum extract. The activity of A. annua essential oils were weak, LC50 was 54.00 mg/mL, 13.10 times of the positive control pyrethrum extract. The commercial essential oil of A. capillaries was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 33 compounds were identited, accounting for 100.00% of the total oil, and the main components of the essential oil of A. capillaries were Germacrene D(16.16%), Caryophyllene oxider(10.42%) and A-Biorangesolanesol(7.03%)followed by tau.-Muurolol(4.83%).【Conclusion】The study indicates that the essential oil of A. capillaries has potentials to be developed into natural acaricide for the control of spider mites so it is of guiding significance to study the rational use of bio-acaricide for cotton field. In conclusion, this study can provide a theoretical basis for the synthesis of plant-derived acaricide.
作者
赵娜娜
路伟
傅文佳
古丽米热.艾买提
杜书亚
ZHAO Na-na;LU Wei;FU Wen-jia;Gvlmira Amat;DU Shu-ya(College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期166-173,共8页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目"新疆南部棉区棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范"(2017YFD0201903)
新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划青年基金(20160622100424124)~~
关键词
茵陈蒿
精油
土耳其斯坦叶螨
触杀活性
Artemisia capillaries
essential oil
Tetranychus turkestani
contact toxicity
