摘要
目的了解我国学校(托幼机构)传染病突发公共卫生事件的发生规律和特点,为有效防控学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的发生提供参考依据。方法对2014-2016年突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统报告的全国各类学校传染病突发公共卫生事件进行描述性分析。结果2014-2016年全国共报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件3491起,报告病例116682例,死亡16例。事件数居前5位的传染病分别是水痘、手足口病、流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎和其他感染性腹泻病,占事件总数的94.41%。呈春、冬季2个报告高峰。呼吸道传染病春、冬季发病以水痘为主;肠道传染病春季以手足口病为主,冬季以其他感染性腹泻病为主。小学、幼儿园、中学报告事件数最多的传染病分别是水痘、手足口病和流行性感冒。结论呼吸道传染病是目前影响中国学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的首要因素。在不同季节对不同级别学校开展有针对性的防控工作是降低学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的关键措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of communicable disease related public health emergencies in schools(including child care settings)in China.Methods The incidence data of communicable disease related public health emergencies in schools in China from 2014 to 2016 were collected from public health emergency information system for a descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 3 491 communicable disease related public health emergencies occurred in schools were reported in China from 2014 to 2016,involving 116 682 cases and 16 deaths.The first 5 communicable diseases were varicella,hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD),influenza,mumps and other infectious diarrhea,the epidemics caused by these diseases accounted for 94.41%of the total.Two incidence peaks were reported,one was in spring and another one was in winter.Varicella was main respiratory infectious disease in spring and winter,HFMD was main intestinal infectious diseases in spring and other infectious diarrheal diseases mainly occurred in winter.The most commonly reported communicable diseases in child care settings,primary schools and middle schools were varicella,HFMD and influenza.Conclusion Respiratory infectious diseases are the main diseases reported in public health emergencies in schools in China.It is essential to conduct targeted disease prevention and control in different schools and in different seasons to reduce the incidence of communicable disease related public health emergencies in schools.
作者
翁熹君
王锐
王霄晔
李娜
于玲
张彦平
Weng Xijun;Wang Rui;Wang Xiaoye;Li Na;Yu Ling;Zhang Yanping(Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun 130062,Jilin,China;Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Jilin City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jilin 132001,Jilin,China)
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2019年第5期446-450,共5页
Disease Surveillance
基金
中国疾控中心公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(No.131031001000015001)~~
关键词
学校
传染病
突发公共卫生事件
流行特征
School
Communicable disease
Public health emergency
Epidemiological characteristics
