摘要
为了给区域性小麦高产栽培及品种选育提供依据,在大田条件下,选择河南省6个主栽小麦品种,用三次多项式方程对籽粒灌浆特性进行拟合,通过相关性分析探讨籽粒灌浆特征参数与粒质量的关系,并探究不同小麦品种产量及产量构成因素的差异。结果显示:籽粒干物质最终积累量以郑麦0943最高,千粒质量达50.64g,许科316千粒质量最低,仅为45.02g;各个品种之间灌浆速率存在差异。不同小麦品种籽粒灌浆过程均呈“S”型变化,但模型参数因品种不同而存在差异。相关分析表明,千粒质量与最大灌浆速率(Vmax)、理论最大粒质量(W)呈显著正相关关系,与平均灌浆速率(V)、有效灌浆持续期(Se)、有效灌浆持续期平均灌浆速率(Vs)间的相关系数亦较高,这表明优化Vmax、W、V、Se、Vs等灌浆特征参数值有利于提高小麦籽粒质量。籽粒产量以豫麦49-198最高,显著高于其他5个小麦品种。提高籽粒产量除有效增加籽粒质量外,还应与穗数、穗粒数相互协调,以实现小麦高产高效。
In order to provide the theoretical support for the cultivation and variety breeding of high-yield wheat in Henan Province,a field experiment with 6 wheat varieties was carried out to analyze the grain filling characteristics and yield of wheat. The cubic polynomial equation was used to fit the grain filling process,the correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between grain weight and grain filling characteristics,and the difference of yield components among these varieties was discussed. The results showed that the1000- grain weigh of Zhengmai 0943 and Xuke 316 was the highest(50.64 g )and lowest(45.02 g),respectively,among the 6 varieties. The grain filling rates were different among the varieties. The simulated curve of grain filling process presented a "S" shape, whereas the model parameters were different among these varieties. The1000-grain weight had significant positive correlations with maximum grain filling rate(Vmax)and theoretical maximum grain weight(W),and also had higher positive correlations with the mean grain filling rate(V),effective grain filling period(Se),and mean grain filling rate during the effective grain filling period(Vs). It suggested that the grain weight could be greatly improved by optimizing the grain-filling characteristic parameters ,including Vmax,W,V,Se and Vs. The grain yield of Yumai 49-198 was significantly higher than those of other five varieties, indicating that the improvement of grain yield should be in coordination with rational spike number and grain number per spike ,in addition to raising the grain weight.
作者
姜丽娜
张雅雯
朱娅林
赵凌霄
JIANG Lina;ZHANG Yawen;ZHU Yalin;ZHAO Lingxiao(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang453007,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期96-101,共6页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目课题(2018YFD0300705
2017YFD0301101
2016YFD0300203)
关键词
小麦品种
籽粒灌浆特性
粒质量
产量
Wheat varieties
Grain filling characteristics
Grainweight
Yield
