摘要
研究不同氮肥用量对滴灌压砂西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响,为滴灌压砂西瓜提高产量、品质及合理施用氮肥提供依据.2017年和2018年分别设置5个氮水平即0、37.5、75、112.5、150kg/hm2和0、45、90、135、180kg/hm^2,分析不同氮水平下植株生长、产量和品质.结果表明:施氮增加了压砂西瓜茎粗、叶片数、主蔓长及SPAD值.2017年,当施氮量达到75kg/hm2时产量最高,比不施氮增加了16.81%,2018年,施氮90kg/hm^2时,压砂西瓜产量比未施氮产量高19.43%.通过回归分析,施氮量与压砂西瓜产量呈开口向下抛物线的关系,施氮量与产量显著相关.施氮可提高压砂西瓜质量、可溶性固形物、维生素C、果实硬度和可溶性糖,当施氮量过高会使pH值与总酸增加.施氮可以促进压砂西瓜植株生长,提高产量和品质,施氮超过一定范围则对西瓜生长不利,造成西瓜产量和品质下降,为此压砂西瓜最佳施氮量为90~150kg/hm^2.
In order to explore the rational nitrogen fertilizer amounts for watermelon in gravel-mulched field, two-year field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth, yield and quality of watermelon. In 2017, Five N rates were 0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150 kg/hm^2, respectively. In 2108, N rates concluded 0, 45, 90, 135, 180 kg/hm^2. The effects of different N rates on the growth, yield and quality of watermelon were analyzed. Nitrogen application increased the stem diameter, the number of leaves, the length of main vine and SPAD value. In 2017, when nitrogen application reached 75 kg/hm^2, the yield was the highest. Compared with no nitrogen application, the yield increased by 16.81%. In 2018 the nitrogen application was 90 kg/hm^2, compared with no nitrogen application, the yield increased by 19.43%. Nitrogen application can increase the weight of watermelon, soluble solids, vitamin C, fruit firmness and soluble sugar. When the nitrogen application rate is too high, the pH value and total acid will increase, which will affect the taste of watermelon. When the nitrogen application rate is 90.00-116.50 kg/hm^2, the quality is best. Nitrogen application can promote the growth of watermelon plants and increase the yield and quality. If the application of nitrogen exceeds a certain range, the growth of watermelon is unfavorable, resulting in the decrease of yield and quality of watermelon. The optimum nitrogen application rate of watermelon in gravel-mulched field is 90.00-116.50 kg/hm^2.
作者
张佳群
王西娜
谭军利
段强
魏照清
Zhang Jiaqun;Wang Xina;Tan Junli;Duan Qiang;Wei Zhaoqing(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《农业科学研究》
2019年第2期22-28,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31460546)
关键词
压砂西瓜
植株生长
品质
产量
氮肥
watermelon
plant growth
quality
yield
nitrogen fertilizer
