摘要
目的探讨乳清酸性蛋白4-二硫键核心结构域2/人附睾蛋白4(WFDC2/HE4)在肺腺癌(LUAD)中的表达及临床意义。方法分别利用BioGPS数据库、 GEPIA数据库、 Oncomine数据库和Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析WFDC2在正常肺组织与LUAD中的表达及对LUAD患者生存预后的意义;利用癌症细胞系百科全书(CCLE)分析WFDC2在癌组织T细胞与B细胞中的表达。利用String数据库分析WFDC2相关基因及其基因本体(GO)功能注释和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集。利用cBioPortal数据库分析WFDC2相关基因在LUAD中的共表达关系、相关性和显著性。肿瘤免疫评估资源(TIMER)数据库用于分析WFDC2在免疫浸润物中的表达及对LUAD患者生存预后的意义。结果BioGPS数据库分析结果显示WFDC2在正常肺组织中低表达,而在人体正常组织的T细胞和B细胞中不表达。GEPIA数据库分析结果显示WFDC2在LUAD组织中较正常肺组织高表达。Oncomine数据库检索出WFDC2差异表达的结果414项。其中, WFDC2表达增高19项, LUAD有4项;WFDC2表达降低15项, LUAD有1项;对符合设定条件的4项高表达研究结果进行Meta分析,发现WFDC2在LUAD组织中呈高表达状态;Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析结果显示WFDC2高表达组的LUAD患者总体生存(OS)较低表达组显著延长。CCLE分析结果显示WFDC2在癌组织T细胞和B细胞中的表达较正常组织显著增高。String数据库分析显示与WFDC2相关联的基因30个,参与4条信号通路, GO注释分类结果表明富集于8类细胞学组分、4类分子功能和27类生物学过程。cBioPortal数据库分析显示分泌性白细胞蛋白酶抑制物(SLPI)与WFDC2在LUAD中相关性和差异最显著。TIMER数据库分析显示在免疫微环境中高表达WFDC2的B细胞可显著延长LUAD患者1年、3年、5年和10年生存预后时间。结论 WFDC2在LUAD组织中高表达,具有抗肿瘤免疫抑制作用,可显著延长LUAD患者的OS,可作为LUAD临床预后的候选标志物。
Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of whey acidic protein(WAP) 4-disulfide core domain 2/human epididymis protein 4(WFDC2/HE4) in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods The expression of WFDC2 in normal lung tissues and lung adenocarcinoma tissues, the correlation between WFDC2 and the prognosis survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed using the BioGPS database, GEPIA database, Oncomine database and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases. The expression of WFDC2 in cancer tissue T cells and B cells was analyzed using the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia(CCLE). The WFDC2-related genes and functional annotations of their gene ontology(GO), the pathway enrichment of Kyoto Gene and Genomic Encyclopedia(KEGG) were analyzed using the STRING database. The co-expression relationship, correlation and significance of WFDC2-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed using the cBioPortal database. The expression of WFDC2 in immune infiltrates and its implication to survival prognosis in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource(TIMER) database. ResultsBioGPS database analysis showed that the expression of WFDC2 was low in normal lung tissues, but none in T cells and B cells of normal human tissues. GEPIA database analysis showed that the expression of WFDC2 was higher in lung adenocarcinoma compared with normal lung tissues. Four hundred and fourteen samples of differential expression of WFDC2 were obtained from Oncomine database. Nineteen of them had increased WFDC2 expression with four in lung adenocarcinoma;fifteen of them had decreased WFDC2 expression with one in lung adenocarcinoma. Meta-analysis of 4 studies meeting the setting conditions showed that the expression level of WFDC2 was high in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database results showed that the overall survival(OS) time of patients with lung adenocarcinoma in the high WFDC2 expression group was significantly longer than that in the low WFDC2 expression group. CCLE analysis showed that the expression of WFDC2 in cancer tissue T cells and B cells was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. String database analysis showed that there were 30 genes associated with WFDC2, which were involved in 4 signaling pathways. The classification results from GO annotation indicated the enrichment in 4 cell components, 8 molecular functions, and 27 biological processes. The cBioPortal database showed that the correlation and difference between secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor(SLPI) and WFDC2 in lung adenocarcinoma were markedly significant(Pearson=0.26;Spearman=0.46;P=6.20E-28). TIMER database analysis showed that B cells with high expression of WFDC2 in the immune microenvironment significantly prolonged the survival prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma for 1 year, 3 years, 5 years and 10 years. Conclusion WFDC2 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues with the anti-tumor immunosuppressive effect, which can significantly prolong OS of lung adenocarcinoma patients and be used as a candidate marker for investigating clinical prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
作者
张浩轩
陆进
杨月
王黎源
ZHANG Haoxuan;LU Jin;YANG Yue;WANG Liyuan(Department of Human Anatomy,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030;First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000,China)
出处
《细胞与分子免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期425-433,共9页
Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology
基金
安徽省教育厅高校自然科学重点研究项目(KJ2018A0236)
蚌埠医学院自然科学基金重点项目(BYKY1624ZD)
