摘要
本试验旨在研究哺喂代乳粉对沂蒙黑山羊羔羊早期生长性能及其瘤胃微生物区系的影响。采用单因子试验设计,选用沂蒙黑山双胎羔羊36只,分为2组,每组18只羔羊。对照组(B组)羔羊哺喂母乳,试验组(R组)于10日龄开始哺喂代乳粉,试验期为75 d,在10、15、25、45和75日龄时随机称取3头羔羊空腹活体重,且屠宰后收集瘤胃内容物样品,采用IIIumina测序技术分析瘤胃细菌组成。结果表明:R组羔羊体重在15日龄时低于B组,且差异极显著(P<0.01),到75日龄时显著高于B组(P<0.05)。另外,R组15日龄时Alpha和Beta多样性与B组相比有显著差异(P<0.05)。在门水平上,R组厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度在25、45、75日龄时低于B组,其中25日龄时差异显著(P<0.05),与此相反,拟杆菌门(Bacteroides)相对丰度在25、45、75日龄时均显著高于B组(P<0.05),变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度在25、45、75日龄时显著低于B组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,R组普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)为优势菌属,15日龄时相对丰度高于B组(P>0.05),且在75日龄时显著高于B组(P<0.05);拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、拟普雷沃菌属(Alloprevotella)相对丰度在25日龄时高于B组(P>0.05),而大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属(Escherichla-shigella)相对丰度在15~25日龄呈下降趋势,到25日龄时低于B组(P>0.05)。综上,早期哺喂代乳粉影响羔羊体增重,而45日龄后获得与哺喂母乳羔羊一样的增重效果;25日龄后哺喂代乳粉羔羊瘤胃微生物区系的变化明显,其中拟杆菌门成为优势菌群,并且普雷沃菌属等有益菌相对丰度逐步增加,从而改善羔羊瘤胃微生物区系结构,有助于促进羔羊的生长。
The present study was carried out to explore the effects of milk replacer on the growth performance and rumen microbiota in early weaning Yimeng black lambs.A total of 36 Yimeng black twin lambs were divided into two groups with 18 lambs in each group by a single factor design.The lambs in control group(group B)was fed breast milk,while lambs in experimental group(group R)were fed milk replacer from 10 days of age,and the experiment lasted for 75 d ays.The live weight of three lambs were measured and rumen content was collected from each group on 10,15,25,45 and 75 days of age,respectively;composition of rumen bacteria was analyzed by Illumina sequencing technique.The results showed that the body weight of lambs in group R was obviously lower than that in group B on 15 days of age(P<0.01),how ever,the body weight of lambs in group R was prominently higher than that in group B on 75 days of age(P<0.05).The Alpha and Beta diversities in group R had significant differences compared with group B on 15 days of age(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in group R was lower than that in group B on 25,45 and 75 days of age,and the difference on 25 days of age was significant(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher than that in group R on 25,45 and 75 days of age,respectively(P<0.05),the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was also obviously lower than that in group B on 25,45 and 75 days of age,respectively(P<0.05).At the genus level,the Prevotella in group R was dominant fungi,the relative abundance of it was higher than that in group B on 15 days of age(P>0.05),and it was significantly higher than that in group B on 75 days of age(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Alloprevotella was higher than that in group B on 25 days of age(P>0.05).Compared with group B,the relative abundance of Eschericla-shigella was decreased from 15 to 25 days of age,and was lower than that in group B after 25 days of age(P>0.05).In conclusion,feeding milk replacer can affect body weight gain of lambs,and has the same gain effect as breastfeeding after 45 days of age;feeding milk replacer can significantly affect rumen microflora change after 25 days of age,the Prevotella is dominant fungi,and the relative abundance of Prevotella increases gradually,which can improve the structure of rumen microflora and promote the growth of lambs.
作者
李永洙
韩照清
金太花
夏春峰
晁洪雨
张乃锋
王世琴
刁其玉
LI Yongzhu;HAN Zhaoqing;JIN Taihua;XIA Chunfeng;CHAO Hongyu;ZHANG Naifeng;WANG Shiqin;DIAO Qiyu(Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;College of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第8期3600-3611,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38)
国家重点研发计划“肉羊规模化舍饲快速育肥工艺研发”(2017YFD0502001)
公益性行业农业科研专项(201303143)
关键词
代乳粉
瘤胃菌群
生长发育
沂蒙黑山羊羔羊
milk replacer
rumen microflora
growth and development
Yimeng black lambs
