摘要
以4种砧木和‘春秋王2号’( Cucumis sativus ‘Chunqiuwang No.2’)黄瓜为嫁接试材,在人工气候箱内对嫁接苗和自根苗进行了连续3 d的低温(昼12 ℃/夜5 ℃)、高温(昼42 ℃/夜35 ℃)和常温(昼25 ℃/夜18 ℃)3组处理,分析温度胁迫对嫁接苗和自根苗的伤害指数、光合特性和抗氧化系统的影响,明确不同砧木嫁接苗对低温和高温抗性机制的异同,为黄瓜设施栽培生产中不同季节选择嫁接砧木提供依据。结果表明:(1)低温胁迫下,黑籽南瓜( Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché)砧嫁接苗冷害指数最低,其次为日本南瓜( Cucurbita moschata )砧嫁接苗,两者的相对叶绿素含量、净光合速率( P n)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和可溶性蛋白含量比常温对照增加较多,且两者丙二醛(MDA)含量较低。(2)高温胁迫下,‘五叶香’丝瓜( Luffa cylindrica ‘Wuyexiang’)砧嫁接苗热害指数最低,同时叶绿素含量、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性和可溶性蛋白含量均相对较高,MDA含量最低;‘甬砧8号’( Cucurbita maxima×Cucurbita moschata ‘Yongzhen No.8’)白籽南瓜砧和日本南瓜砧嫁接苗热害指数也较低,且SOD、CAT和APX活性较高。(3)不同嫁接组合的抗性综合评价结果显示,黑籽南瓜砧嫁接苗的耐寒性最强,丝瓜砧嫁接苗的耐热性最强,日本南瓜砧嫁接苗和‘甬砧8号’砧嫁接苗对高温和低温均具有一定的耐受性。研究发现,黑籽南瓜砧等嫁接组合可以通过维持光合性能,提高抗氧化酶活性,增加渗透调节物质含量来缓解高低温度胁迫造成的过氧化伤害,从而表现出对高低温胁迫的较强抵抗力。
Effects of different temperature treatments for 3 d (low temperature, 12 ℃/5 ℃, day and night;high temperature, 42 ℃/35 ℃;normal temperature, 25 ℃/18 ℃) on injury indexes,photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities of grafted seedlings with 4 species of rootstocks and self-rooted seedlings were studied. The similarities and differences of the resistance mechanism of different rootstocks to low temperature and high temperature were clarified, which could provide basis for selecting grafted rootstocks in different seasons in cucumber protected cultivation production. The results showed that:(1) the cold injury index of grated seedlings with Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché was the lowest, the next is grafted seedlings with C. moschata ,the relative chlorophyll content, P n, SOD, POD, CAT activity and soluble protein content of both of them increased, while the content of MDA was lower.(2) Under high temperature treatment, the heat injury index of grafted seedlings with Luffa cylindrica ‘Wuyexiang’ was the lowest and had higher relative chlorophyll content, APX activity and soluble protein content, while MDA content was the lowest. The heat injury indexes of grafted seedlings with C. maxima×C. moschata ‘Yongzhen No.8’and Cucurbita moschata were relatively low and had higher activities of SOD, CAT and APX.(3) The results of resistance comprehensive evaluation showed that, cold resistance of grafted cucumber with C. ficifolia Bouché was the strongest;Heat resistance of grafted cucumber with Luffa cylindrica ‘Wuyexiang’ was the strongest;Grafted cucumber with C. moschata and ‘Yongzhen No.8’ had good tolerance to both low and high temperatures. Overall, the grafting combinations such as C. ficifolia Bouché could alleviate the peroxidation injury by maintaining photosynthetic performance, improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing the contents of osmotic regulators, thus showed strong resistance to high and low temperature stress.
作者
张红梅
金海军
丁小涛
何立中
崔佳维
余纪柱
ZHANG Hongmei;JIN Haijun;DING Xiaotao;HE Lizhong;CUI Jiawei;YU Jizhu(Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China)
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第7期1259-1269,共11页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
上海市农委种业发展项目(沪农科种字[2017]第3-1-2号)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设项目(农科创2017[B-06])
上海市科研计划项目(16391901100)
关键词
黄瓜
砧木
温度胁迫
生理响应
隶属函数值分析
cucumber
rootstocks
temperature stress
physiological response
subordinate function analysis
