摘要
[目的]研究不同耕作和覆盖方式对甘蔗种植地土壤水热状况的影响,探究适宜的耕作管理方式,为广西地区甘蔗种植和农业发展提供理论依据。[方法]在广西农业科学院里建科学研究基地典型甘蔗种植区内,设置粉垄耕作+无秸秆覆盖处理(T0)、免耕+无秸秆覆盖处理(NT0)、粉垄耕作+秸秆覆盖处理(TS)和免耕+秸秆覆盖处理(NTS)等4个处理,原位监测其5、20和40 cm土层土壤温度和土壤含水量,分析其在不同时期内的土壤水热状况的变化及原因。[结果]秸秆覆盖处理(TS和NTS)相比于无覆盖处理(T0和NT0)显著降低了土壤温度(P<0.05,下同)且土温日变幅变幅较小,保持了土壤温度的稳定。粉垄耕作相比于免耕更有利于土壤热能的传导,升温迅速,在气温降低后具有增温效应。粉垄耕作和秸秆覆盖均能明显改善土壤水分状况,T0处理在试验期土壤含水量比试验开始前提高31.3%,差异显著。整个研究期内5~40 cm土层的土壤含水量,同一耕作处理下,TS比T0、NTS比NT0分别高出15.4%和5.7%;同一覆盖处理下,TS比NTS、T0比NT0分别高出11.3%和2.0%,差异均显著。同时,经粉垄耕作后下层土壤水分可供给上层。[结论]粉垄耕作和秸秆覆盖均能有效调节土壤温度,提高土壤含水量,粉垄耕作+秸秆覆盖的耕作管理方式可作为广西地区甘蔗种植的参考。
[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for sugarcane planting and agricultural development in Guangxi,the soil hydrothermal condition of sugarcane field under different tillage and straw mulching treatments was discussed to select the suitable manner.[Method]The soil moisture and temperature at 5,20 and 40 cm depths under different conditions were monitored.Smash-ridging tillage with no straw mulching treatment(T0),no-tillage with no straw mulching treatment(NTO),smash-ridging tillage with straw mulching treatment(TS)and no-tillage with straw mulching treatment(NTS)were studied at the Lijian research base of Nanning,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The changes of soil hydrothermal were analyzed.[Result]Straw mulching treatment(TS and NTS)significantly reduced the soil temperature compared with the uncovered(TO and NT0)(P<0.05,the same as below)and the soil temperature variation was smaller.Compared with no-tillage,smash-ridging tillage increased the conduction ability of soil heat energy,and it also had a warming effect to the soils after the air temperature decline.Both smash-ridging tillage and straw mulching significantly improved the soil water that the soil moisture content of the TO treatment increased by 31.3 % after the test.The TS was 11.3% higher than NTS and TO was 2.0% higher than NTO,respectively.Also,TS was 5.7 % higher than TO and NTS was 15.4 % higher than NTO,all the different levels above were significant.Meanwhile the soil moisture of the lower layer can be supplied to the upper layer in the smash-tillage.[Conclusion]Both smash-tillage and straw mulching can effectively adjust soil temperature and improve soil water contents.The treatment of smash-ridging with straw mulching can be used as a reference for sugarcane planting in Guangxi.
作者
陈晓冰
朱彦光
李帅
韦灵
陈廷速
甘磊
CHEN Xiao-bing;ZHU Yan-guang;LI Shuai;WEI Ling;CHEN Ting-su;GAN Lei(Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guangxi Guilin 541004, China;Guilin University of Technology,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base,(kiangxi Guilin 541004 , China;Giuilin University of Technology, College of Envimnmental Science and Engineering,Guangxi Guilin 541004, China;Guilin University of Technology,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Safety in Karst Area, Guangxi Guilin 541004, China;Microbiology Reseaivh Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Nanning 530007, China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第8期1751-1758,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(41501230
41761048
41701248)
广西自然科学基金(2017GXNSFBA198102
2016GXNSFA A380197)
广西中青年教师基础能力提升项目(2017KY0270)
关键词
粉垄耕作
免耕
秸秆覆盖
土壤温度
土壤含水量
Smash-ridging tillage
No-tillage
Straw mulching
Soil temperature
Soil moisture
