摘要
从聚合物膜、无机膜和有机无机杂化膜着手,综述了近20年利用渗透汽化技术进行苯酚-水体系和苯胺-水体系分离的膜材料研究之进展.指出,聚合物膜材料的通量和分离因子较低,且普遍存在trade-off效应,而聚醚共聚酰胺(PEBA)的通量和分离因子都保持在较高的水平,可采用共混、杂化等改性方法提高其分离性能;无机膜材料存在机械性能较差、不易加工且成本高等缺点,相关研究内容较少;有机无机杂化膜可以结合聚合物膜和无机膜的优点,有效地解决聚合物膜的trade-off效应,但由于无机粒子与高分子相容性不好,使得该类膜容易产生缺陷导致分离因子降低.未来杂化膜将成为研究热点,可以通过寻找与高分子相互作用更强的粒子,使掺杂粒子与高分子的相容性更好、分散更均匀,进而提高杂化膜分离性能;作为杂化膜掺杂粒子中较好的多孔材料的选择,除发展新型的金属-有机框架MOFs材料外,对MOFs进行改性,设计更有效的运输通道也是一种研究趋势.
Starting from polymer membranes,inorganic membranes and organic-inorganic mixed matrix membranes,the progress of membrane materials for the separation of phenol-water and aniline-water systems by pervaporation technology in the past 20 years was reviewed. It was pointed out that the flux and separation factor of polymer membrane materials were low,and the trade-off effect was common,while the flux and separation factor of polyether copolyamide( PEBA) were kept at a high level,hybridization and other modification methods could be used to improve the separation performance;inorganic membrane materials had the disadvantages of poor mechanical properties,difficult processing and high cost,and related research contents were less;organic-inorganic mixed matrix membranes could combine the advantages of polymer membranes and inorganic membranes. The trade-off effect of the polymer membranes was effectively solved,but the compatibility of the inorganic particles with the polymer was not good,so that the membranes was prone to defects and the separation factor was lowered. In the future,the matrix membranes will become a hot research topic. By searching for particles that interact more strongly with the polymer,the compatibility of the doped particles with the polymer will be better,the dispersion will be more uniform,and the separation performance of the mixed matrix membranes will be improved. As the selection of porous materials,in addition to the development of new metal-organic framework MOFs materials,the modification of MOFs,the design of more efficient transport channels and so on are also a trend/development.
作者
韩光鲁
陈哲
樊凯奇
张学波
郝彬
任静怡
HAN Guanglu;CHEN Zhe;FAN Kaiqi;ZHANG Xuebo;HAO Bin;REN Jingyi(College of Material and Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《轻工学报》
CAS
2019年第5期68-77,共10页
Journal of Light Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21606211)
河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(152300410127)
河南省高等学校大学生创新训练计划项目
郑州轻工业学院博士科研基金项目(2014BSJJ056)
关键词
苯酚
苯胺
渗透汽化技术
分离
膜材料
金属-有机框架材料
phenol
aniline
pervaporation technology
separation
membrane material
metal-organic frame material
