摘要
为揭示烤烟叶片表观特征和叶绿素荧光对酸雨胁迫和施加外源氯化钙的应答机制,以烤烟品种龙江911为试验材料,在人工气候箱中培养烟苗并在酸雨棚中进行人工模拟酸雨胁迫处理。结果表明:与清水对照(CK)相比,人工模拟重度酸雨(pH≤3.5)造成烟草叶片枯黄、出现失绿斑点,光能吸收能力降低,PSⅡ受体侧的功能被破坏,电子传递受到抑制。烟草叶片PSⅡ光化学反应集聚的光能(ABS/RC)、光化学反应消耗的能量(DIo/RC)以及QA氧化还原反应消耗的能量(TRo/RC)显著提高,说明酸雨胁迫可影响PSⅡ反应中心的活性;烟草叶片用于光化学反应的量子产额(ΦPSⅡ)、基本的荧光量子产额和热耗散的量子产额(Φf,D)所占比例降低,而烟草叶片PSⅡ反应中心失活的热耗散量子产额(ΦNF)所占比例显著增加,说明重度酸雨条件下叶绿体中ATP合成受阻,抑制了叶黄素循环介导的光保护机能发挥,PSⅡ反应中心失活的比例大幅增加。烟草施用外源氯化钙(叶面喷施10 mmol·L^-1 CaCl2溶液)可以缓解光合机构因酸雨胁迫而造成的伤害。
To reveal the effects of acid rain and exogenous CaCl2 on the phenotype characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence of flue-cured tobacco leaves,tobacco seedlings(cv.Longjiang911)were planted in artificial climatic incubator and the treatment of simulated acid rain was conducted by a sprayer in greenhouse.The results showed that comparing with the control(CK),artificial severe acid rain(pH≤3.5)resulted in yellow and chlorotic spots on leaves and lower absorption ability to light energy during tobacco seedlings.The treatment also destroyed the function of PSⅡacceptor-side and inhibited electron transport.In the PSⅡsystem of tobacco leaves,the absorption photochemical energy(ABS/RC),the dissipation photochemical energy(DIo/RC)and the dissipation energy from QA oxidation-reduction reaction(TRo/RC)increased significantly,which indicated that acid rain stress affected the activity of PSⅡreaction center.The proportions of PSⅡquantum yield(ΦPSⅡ)and basic fluorescence and heat dissipation quantum yields(Φf,D)decreased.However,the proportion of heat dissipation quantum yield(ΦNF)of inactive PSⅡreaction center significantly increased,which suggested that severe acid rain reduced the kinetics of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts,limited the photoprotective mechanism of xanthophyll cycle and greatly increased the proportion of inactivation PSⅡreaction centers.Exogenous CaCl2(10 mmol·L^-1 CaCl2 solution sprayed on tobacco leaves)alleviated the damage to photosynthetic system caused by the acid rain treatment.
作者
徐宗艺
陈泉印
米良
黄雨萌
王月
孙广玉
XU Zongyi;CHEN Quanyin;MI Liang;HUANG Yumeng;WANG Yue;SUN Guangyu(College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期17-24,共8页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目“烟草光合特性对酸雨胁迫的响应机制及外源钙的缓解作用”(201810225139)
国家自然科学基金项目“植物叶片GSNOR代谢途径在吸收大气NO2中的功能解析及其分子调控机理”(31870373)
关键词
烤烟
模拟酸雨胁迫
表观特征
叶绿素
荧光特性
氯化钙
Flue-cured tobacco
Simulated acid rain stress
Phenotype characteristic
Chlorophyll
Fluorescence characteristic
Calcium chloride
