摘要
针对当前大型石油钻采传动设备在线监测与故障诊断问题,开发设计了基于虚拟仪器的重型石油减速器在线监测与故障诊断系统。该系统首先对减速器振动信号进行在线监测和分析,实现对减速器的早期故障诊断,并调用MATLAB软件对离线信号进行频域功率谱和ZOOM-FFT细化分析。现场测试结果表明:对振动波形图在线监测初步判断减速器存在故障,改变转速参数,将转速为525和1 030 r/min时的振动信号进行对比,发现振动明显加剧,除波形因子变化不大以外,其他指标均增加,峭度值大于4,存在冲击性振动和间隙过大等问题,但故障部位不明确;对该故障时间段的数据进行功率谱和细化谱分析,频谱图中出现了高速轴转频17.2 Hz左右的边频带,由此分析高速轴出现故障;现场拆开减速器进行检查,发现高速轴齿轮发生断齿,分析结果与实际情况一致,验证了该系统的有效性和精确性。研究结果可以为石油钻采传动设备的故障诊断提供参考。
To address the current online monitoring and fault diagnosis of heavy drilling and transmission equipment,an online monitoring and fault diagnosis system for heavy speed reducer based on virtual instrument is developed.The system monitors and analyzes the vibration signal of the speed reducer to provide the early fault diagnosis of the gearbox.MATLAB software is used by the system to analyze the frequency domain power spectrum and ZOOM-FFT of the offline signal.The field test results show that the online monitoring of the vibration waveform diagram initially indicate the fault of the speed reducer.By comparing the vibration signals at the speed of 525 and 1 030 r/min,the vibration is found to be obviously aggravated.Except for the waveform factor,all the indicators are increased,and the kurtosis value is above 4,indicating problems including impact vibration and excessive clearance.But the fault location is not clear.The power spectrum and the refined spectrum analysis of the data of the fault time period show a sideband with high-speed shaft frequency-shifted of 17.2 Hz.The whole analyses indicate the high-speed shaft faulty.The speed reducer was disassembled for inspection and the high-speed shaft gear was found broken,which was consistent with the analysis results and verified the effectiveness and accuracy of the system.The study can provide references for the fault diagnosis of oil drilling and transmission equipment.
作者
邢超
周元华
易先中
殷光品
陈辉
宋顺平
吴沛奇
Xing Chao;Zhou Yuanhua;Yi Xianzhong;Yin Guangpin;Chen Hui;Song Shunping;Wu Peiqi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University;Hubei Jiaye Petroleum Machinery Co.,Ltd.;Gudao Oil Production Plant of Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company;Changqing Drilling Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited;No.12 Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company)
出处
《石油机械》
北大核心
2019年第11期59-65,共7页
China Petroleum Machinery
基金
国家科技重大专项“钻井协同自动控制系统研发”(2016ZX05022006-004)、“复杂结构井、丛式井设计与控制新技术”(2017ZX05009-003)
国家自然科学基金项目“页岩和致密油气田高效开发建井基础研究”(U1762214、U1262108、51974035)
湖北省技术创新专项“深部地热资源综合开发利用关键技术”(2016ACA181)
国土资源部深部地质钻探技术重点实验室开放课题“井底机械振动固井增强深孔井筒质量的评价模型”(KF201806)
湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导项目“基于非平稳信号分析的往复式压缩机故障预警研究”(B2018025)
关键词
重型石油减速器
在线监测
故障诊断
虚拟仪器
时域分析
频域分析
heavy speed reducer
online monitoring
fault diagnosis
virtual instrument
time domain analysis
frequency domain analysis
