摘要
为建设法治、诚信中国,应将信用责任(失信惩戒)纳入法律责任体系,使其作为与民事责任、行政责任与刑事责任比肩而立的第四类新型独立法律责任。信用责任具有人格信用减损性、行为能力剥夺性、三大责任补强性、失信预防前瞻性、惩戒手段综合性、惩戒措施联动性、失信行为警示性、诚信文化教育性与公众心理慰藉性。建议将信用责任区分为12类,并保持惩戒措施的开放性。“三高三低”是失信乱象的根源。“三升三降”是激励守信、遏制失信的良药。建议抓紧建立健全24小时全天候、360度全方位、跨地域、跨产业、跨市场、跨部门、信息共享、快捷高效、无缝对接、有机衔接、同频共振的失信惩戒体系。信用责任具有可诉性,要建立多元化争议解决机制。建议允许与鼓励信用修复。信用制裁要以有期为原则、以无期为例外。建议建立信用修复宣誓制度。建议制定《信用基本法》专章规定“信用责任”。信用责任应专属于法律规定的事项。
To build credible China with rule of law, it is necessary to recognize the credit liability as the fourth growing legal liability, next to civil, administrative and criminal liabilities. The core feature of credit liability is toincapacitate the personal credibility of the dishonest individuals and corporations. While credit liability could be classified into twelve categories, it should be open to new types of sanctions in the future. All-round credit liabilities should be introduced based on 24/7. The imposition of credit sanction should be subject to judicial review.The defective credit could be repaired. As a general principle, the credit liability should be imposed for fixed-term, instead of lifetime. Oath ceremony should be introduced in case of credit reparation. Credit Basic Law should be made to design detailed rules on credit liability, which should be exclusively addressed by the legislature.
作者
刘俊海
LIU Junhai(Law School,Renrain University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《法学论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期5-17,共13页
Legal Forum
基金
国家市场监管总局(原国家工商行政管理总局)2015年重点研究项目《企业信用监管相关问题研究》的核心研究成果
关键词
信用责任
失信制裁
失信成本
可诉性
信用修复
信用立法
credit liability
dishonest sanction
dishonest cost
judicial review
credit reparation
credit legislation
