摘要
维吾尔传统医药相关知识是我国少数民族生物多样性相关传统知识的重要组成部分,是维吾尔族人民在长期的生产生活实践和对抗疾病的过程中所总结出的知识经验、医学理论等.本文以三种维吾尔药用植物为例,在新疆鄯善和伊宁两地发放问卷,调查当地居民对维吾尔医药相关知识的认知情况.结果显示:(1)对维吾尔传统医药知识的认知程度较高的是35~54岁的维吾尔族居民,小于24岁和大于65岁的居民对传统医药不甚关心;(2)新疆阿魏除文献记载具有消积杀虫的功效之外,维吾尔医在临床上多用来治疗风湿疾病;伊犁贝母虽然是常见的维吾尔药材,但其知名度很低;刺山柑对当地居民来说十分熟悉,家庭日常会用来泡酒祛风湿.(3)维吾尔药用生物资源的减少使得传统医药相关知识也面临极大威胁,本文对此提出了几点建议,以便更好地利用与传承维吾尔传统医药知识.
The Uygur traditional medicine is an important part of the traditional knowledge of ethnic groups related to biodiversity in China,and it is the experienced medicine with special theory summarized by Uygur people in their long-term practice of living,producing and fighting against diseases.Taking three Uygur medicinal plants as examples,we investigated local residents’knowledge of Uygur medicine by using questionnaires in Shanshan and Yining,Xinjiang Autonomous region.The results show that:(1)Uygur people aged 35-54 years have a higher cognitive level of Uygur traditional medicine knowledge,while residents aged less than 24 years and older than 65 years pay little attention to traditional medicine.(2)Besides the efficacy of removing parasites to eliminate accumulation recorded in literature,Ferula sinkiangensis is often used in clinic to treat rheumatic diseases by Uygur doctor;Although Fritillaria pallidiflora is a common Uygur medicine,its popularity is very low;Capparis spinosa is familiar to local residents,and usually used to steep in the liqueur for expelling wind-damp by the ordinary family.(3)The reduction of Uygur medicinal biological resources has also caused great threats to traditional medicine knowledge.Based on the analysis of the investigation,we offer several suggestions for better utilization and inheritance of Uygur traditional medicine knowledge.
作者
陈诺
杨京彪
薛达元
CHEN Nuo;YANG Jing-biao;XUE Da-yuan(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
2019年第4期63-69,共7页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
中央民族大学生态学一流学科建设项目(No.Yldxxk201819)
生物多样性调查评估项目(No.2019HJ2096001006)
关键词
维吾尔医药
传统知识
生物多样性
Uygur medicine
traditional knowledge
biodiversity
