摘要
目的通过汇总分析中药注射剂不良反应,探讨预防中药注射制剂药品不良反应(ADR)过程中的临床护理作用,研究不良反应的护理策略,促进临床更合理地使用中药注射制剂.方法回顾性分析哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院2017年1月至2018年11月国家ADR监测中心上报的362例药品不良反应,根据卫生部《药品不良反应报告和监测工作手册》指导原则,利用Microsoft office Excel 2007,在ADR报告中按年龄、性别、种类及发生频率、发生时间、不良反应表现累及系统等进行汇总与分析.结果362例ADR中,男女患者比例约为1.1∶1,12岁以下患儿65例占18%,61岁以上老年患者117例占32.3%,其他年龄组比例均低于老年人和小儿;出现ADR的药品种类以活血化淤类最多(208例),清热解毒类药物次之(102例)和抗肿瘤类药物(52例)三大类为主;中药注射剂常见的ADR累及系统以神经系统反应、皮肤过敏反应、心血管系统反应、注射局部损伤、胃肠道系统这5种为主.结论应重视护士在中药注射剂不良反应的监测作用,加强对护士ADR监测工作的宣教,加强护士对ADR的认知,提升护士对患者静脉滴注中药注射剂的服务与意识,规范用药操作过程,减少因使用中药注射剂造成不良反应对患者可能造成的伤害.
Objective To study on the effect of clinical nursing in preventing adverse drug reaction of injection preparation of traditional Chinese medicine,explore nursing strategy of adverse drug reaction,promote the rational use of traditional Chinese medicine injection preparations in clinical practice by analyzing the adverse drug reactions of traditional Chinese medicine injection in our hospital.Methods A retrospective analysis of 362 cases of adverse drug reactions reported by the National ADR Surveillance Center from January 2017 to November 2018 was carried out in our hospital.In accordance with the guidelines of the Ministry of Health Manual on reporting and monitoring adverse drug reactions.By using Microsoft office Excel 2007,the ADR reports were summarized and analyzed according to age,sex,type and frequency,time of adverse reactions,and involvement system of adverse reactions.Results In 362 cases of ADR,the ratio of male to female patients was about 1.1∶1.There were 65 cases of children under 12 years old,accounting for 18%,and 117 cases of people over 61 years old,accounting for 32.3%,the proportion of other age groups was lower than those of the elderly and children.Most of the drugs with ADR appeared in blood circulation(208 cases),followed by heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs(102 cases)and anti-tumor drugs(52 cases).The common ADR involvement system of traditional Chinese medicine injection is nervous system reaction,skin allergic reaction,cardiovascular system reaction,local injury of injection,gastrointestinal tract system.Conclusions Attention should be paid to the role of nurses in monitoring adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine injections,strengthening the propaganda and education of nurses'ADR monitoring work,strengthening nurses'cognition of ADR,enhancing nurses'service and consciousness to patients with static injection of traditional Chinese medicine,and standardizing the process of drug use,thus reducing possible injury to patients due to adverse reactions caused by the use of traditional Chinese medicine injection.
作者
任红
汪立梅
Ren Hong;Wang Limei(Intravenous Drug Allocation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2019年第33期2598-2601,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
中药注射剂
药品不良反应
原因分析
护理策略
Traditional Chinese medicine injection
Adverse drug reaction
Cause analysis
Nursing strategy
