摘要
本文从企业创新行为出发建立理论模型,发现外商撤资引致企业创新成本提高和创新模式转变,从而改变其自主创新效率,因而采用中国工业企业与专利匹配数据使用倾向得分匹配和双重差分(PSM-DID)方法,实证分析外商撤资对企业自主创新效率的因果效应,并检验了创新成本机制和创新模式转换机制的存在性。研究结果表明:外商撤资提高了企业自主创新效率,且对发明专利产出效率的提升效果更为显著;参股外商撤资后企业的自主创新效率提高,而控股外商撤资后企业的自主创新效率没有显著变化;外商撤资后企业的创新成本上升,外商撤资的创新成本机制降低了企业的自主创新效率;外商撤资使得企业的创新模式由模仿创新转向自主创新,创新模式转换机制提高了企业的自主创新效率。本文的研究结论对全面认识外商撤资行为、提高外资企业的自主创新能力具有启示意义。
This paper built a theory model based on firm’ s innovation behavior to analyze the effect of foreign divestment( FD) on divested affiliates’ indigenous innovation efficiency. By using the matched data of China Industrial Enterprise Database and Chinese Patent Database,applying the PSM-DID method,we investigated the causal effect and the corresponding mechanisms that FD impacted innovation efficiency. We find that foreign divested affiliates ’ indigenous innovating efficiency is improved after being divested,which is more significant in inventing patents. However,this positive effect is only found in minority-foreign-owner divestment,not in majority-foreign-owner divestment. Additionally,the mechanism test results show that FD reduces indigenous innovation efficiency through raising innovation cost and increases innovation efficiency through turning imitation to indigenous innovation. The findings in this paper are of great significance to the policy making in utilizing foreign capital and improving foreign firm’ s innovation ability.
作者
毛海欧
刘海云
刘贯春
MAO Haiou;LIU Haiyun;LIU Guanchun
出处
《国际贸易问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第11期16-28,共13页
Journal of International Trade
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“基于互利共赢的中美双边对外直接投资的贸易效应研究”(19BJL107)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中美经贸合作重大问题研究”(18JZD034)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“异质性视角下中国贸易与投资自由化便利化政策研究”(18YJA790099)
关键词
外商撤资
企业自主创新
创新效率
创新模式转换
Foreign Divestment
Independent Innovation
Innovation Efficiency
Patent Application
